Summary

The global graphite market demonstrates strong growth driven primarily by surging demand from the electric vehicle (EV) battery sector. Current market dynamics are characterized by Chinese dominance in both mining and processing, accounting for approximately 70% of natural graphite production and 90% of processing capacity. The market faces supply chain diversification pressures, with major investments in new production facilities outside China. Natural graphite production in 2024 is estimated at 1.3 million tonnes, while synthetic graphite production reaches approximately 3 million tonnes. Prices remain elevated due to strong demand and supply constraints, with high-quality flake graphite commanding $2,000-2,400 per tonne and spherical graphite reaching $4,000-4,700 per tonne.

Key market developments include:

• Accelerating EV battery demand
• Supply chain regionalization efforts
• Processing capacity expansion outside China
• Rising energy costs affecting synthetic graphite production
• Growing emphasis on ESG compliance

The market is projected to experience substantial growth, driven by:

• EV battery demand reaching 9,300 GWh by 2035
• Energy storage applications requiring 1,770 GWh
• New gigafactory developments globally
• Expanding industrial applications

Key growth factors include:

• Mass EV adoption
• Grid storage expansion
• Industrial modernization
• Nuclear power growth
• Advanced materials development

Challenges include:

• Processing capacity constraints
• Energy costs for synthetic production
• Environmental regulations
• Supply chain security
• Technical specifications for batteries

The market transformation will require significant investment in new production capacity, processing facilities, and technology development to meet projected demand growth across all sectors.

The Global Market for Graphite 2025-2035 provides detailed analysis of the rapidly evolving graphite market, encompassing both natural and synthetic graphite sectors from 2025-2035. The report examines production, processing, applications, and emerging technologies driving market growth, with particular focus on electric vehicle batteries and energy storage applications.

Key Report Features:

• Complete analysis of natural and synthetic graphite markets
• Detailed production and capacity data
• Price trends and forecasts
• Technology developments
• Comprehensive end-use market analysis
• Regional market assessments
• In-depth company profiles

The report provides exhaustive coverage of graphite types, including flake, amorphous, vein, and synthetic varieties, along with emerging technologies like graphene and advanced processing methods. Special attention is given to high-growth applications such as lithium-ion battery anodes, where demand is projected to increase significantly through 2035.

Market segments analyzed include:

• Battery materials (EVs, energy storage)
• Refractories and metallurgy
• Lubricants and friction materials
• Electronics and thermal management
• Nuclear applications
• Fuel cells and renewable energy
• Flame retardants

The research examines critical market dynamics including:

• Chinese market dominance
• Supply chain diversification efforts
• Processing technology advances
• Recycling developments
• Environmental regulations
• Regional production trends
• Price volatility factors

Regional analysis covers:

• China's dominant position
• North American market development
• European Union initiatives
• Emerging Asian markets
• African production potential

The report includes detailed profiles of over 100 companies, analysis of production capacities, and strategic developments. Extensive data on gigafactory developments and their impact on graphite demand is provided, along with analysis of competing technologies and materials.

Technology coverage includes:

• Advanced processing methods
• New extraction techniques
• Purification technologies
• Coating developments
• Recycling innovations

Graphene applications



Market forecasts through 2035 cover:

• Production by type and region
• Demand by application
• Price trends
• Regional consumption
• Technology adoption
• Market share analysis

Companies profiled include Aben Resources, Alba Mineral Resources, Anovion Technologies, Anson Resources, Applied Graphite Technologies, Armadale Capital, Ashbury Carbons, Black Rock Mining, Blencowe Resources, BTR New Material Group, Buxton Resources, Canada Carbon, Carbonscape, Ceylon Graphite, China Minmetals Group, China Steel Chemical, Cocan Graphite Mill, Doncarb Graphite, Eagle Graphite, EcoGraf, Evolution Energy Minerals, Extrativa Metalquimica, Evion Group, Fangda Carbon, First Graphene, Five-star New Material Technology, Focus Graphite, FunktioMat, Grafintec, GrafTech International, Graphex Technologies, Graphit Kropfmühl, Graphite COVA, Graphite India Limited, Graphite One, Graphjet Technology, Gratomic, Green Battery Minerals, Green Graphite Technologies, Greenwing Resources, HEG Limited, Heilongjiang Aoyu Energy, Heilongjiang Guangshengda, Hexagon Energy Materials, Hubei Hengda, Ibiden, Infinity Stone Ventures, International Graphite, ITech Minerals, JFE Chemical, Jixi Northeast Asia Mineral Resources, Jixi Puchen Graphite, Kaifeng Carbon, Leading Edge Materials, Lomiko Metals, Magnis Energy Technologies, Mason Resources, Mersen SA, and more....

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Table of Contents

1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 12

2 INTRODUCTION 13

2.1 Types of graphite 15
2.1.1 Natural vs synthetic graphite 16
2.2 Natural graphite 17
2.2.1 Classification 18
2.2.2 Processing 19
2.2.3 Flake 20
2.2.3.1 Grades 20
2.2.3.2 Applications 20
2.2.3.3 Spherical graphite 22
2.2.3.4 Expandable graphite 23
2.2.4 Amorphous graphite 23
2.2.4.1 Applications 24
2.2.5 Crystalline vein graphite 25
2.2.5.1 Applications 25
2.3 Synthetic graphite 26
2.3.1 Classification 26
2.3.1.1 Primary synthetic graphite 27
2.3.1.2 Secondary synthetic graphite 27
2.3.2 Processing 27
2.3.2.1 Processing for battery anodes 28
2.3.3 Issues with synthetic graphite production 28
2.3.4 Isostatic Graphite 29
2.3.4.1 Description 29
2.3.4.2 Markets 29
2.3.4.3 Producers and production capacities 30
2.3.5 Graphite electrodes 30
2.3.6 Extruded Graphite 31
2.3.7 Vibration Molded Graphite 32
2.3.8 Die-molded graphite 33
2.4 New technologies 34
2.5 Recycling of graphite materials 34
2.6 Applications of graphite 35
2.7 Graphite pricing (ton) 36
2.7.1 Pricing in 2024 37
2.8 Graphene 40
2.8.1 Overview 40
2.8.2 Properties 41
2.8.3 Types of graphene and prices 42
2.8.3.1 CVD Graphene 42
2.8.3.2 Graphene nanoplatelets 44
2.8.3.3 Graphene oxide and reduced Graphene Oxide 45
2.8.4 Markets and applications 46
2.8.5 Graphene production capacities 54
2.8.6 Graphene producers 55

3 MARKETS FOR GRAPHITE 64

3.1 Global production of graphite 64
3.1.1 The graphite market in 2024 and beyond 64
3.1.2 China dominance 64
3.1.3 United States subsidies/loans and tariffs on Chinese imports 64
3.1.4 Global mine production and reserves of natural graphite 65
3.1.5 Global graphite production in tonnes, 2016-2023 65
3.1.6 Estimated global graphite production in tonnes, 2024-2035 66
3.1.7 Synthetic graphite supply 67
3.2 Global market demand for graphite by end use market 2016-2035, tonnes 69
3.2.1 Natural graphite 69
3.2.2 Synthetic graphite 70
3.3 Demand for graphite by end use markets, 2023 71
3.4 Demand for graphite by end use markets, 2035 72
3.5 Graphite market developments 2020-2024 73
3.6 Demand by region 76
3.6.1 China 76
3.6.1.1 Diversification of global supply and production 77
3.6.2 Asia-Pacific 77
3.6.2.1 Synthetic graphite 77
3.6.2.2 Natural graphite 78
3.6.3 North America 80
3.6.3.1 Synthetic graphite 80
3.6.3.2 Natural graphite 81
3.6.4 Europe 82
3.6.4.2 Natural graphite 83
3.6.5 Brazil 84
3.7 Factors that aid graphite market growth 85
3.8 Factors that hinder graphite market growth 85
3.9 Main market players 86
3.9.1 Natural graphite 86
3.9.2 Synthetic graphite 86
3.10 Market supply chain 87
3.11 Lithium-ion batteries 89
3.11.1 Gigafactories 91
3.11.2 Anode material in electric vehicles 94
3.11.2.1 Properties 94
3.11.2.2 Market demand 95
3.11.3 Recent trends in the automotive market and EVs 96
3.11.4 Higher costs and tight supply 96
3.11.5 Forecast for EVs 96
3.11.6 Graphite alternatives for batteries 97
3.12 Refractory manufacturing (Steel market) 98
3.12.1 Steel market trends and graphite growth 98
3.12.2 Carbon Sources for refractories 98
3.12.3 Electric arc furnaces in steelmaking 100
3.13 Recarburising 101
3.14 Graphite shapes 102
3.15 Electronics 102
3.15.1 Thermal management 102
3.16 Electrode materials for fuel cells 103
3.17 Nuclear 103
3.18 Lubricants 104
3.19 Friction materials 105
3.20 Flame retardants 106
3.21 Solar and wind turbines 106

4 COMPANY PROFILES 107 (102 company profiles)

5 REFERENCES 17

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List of Tables/Graphs

List of Tables

Table 1. Selected physical properties of graphite. 13
Table 2. Characteristics of natural and synthetic graphite. 14
Table 3. Comparison between Natural and Synthetic Graphite. 16
Table 4. Natural graphite size categories, their advantages, average prices, and applications. 18
Table 5. Classification of natural graphite with its characteristics. 18
Table 6. Applications of flake graphite. 20
Table 7. Amorphous graphite applications. 24
Table 8. Crystalline vein graphite applications. 25
Table 9. Characteristics of synthetic graphite. 26
Table 10: Main markets and applications of isostatic graphite. 29
Table 11. Current or planned production capacities for isostatic graphite. 30
Table 12. Main graphite electrode producers and capacities (MT/year). 30
Table 13. Extruded graphite applications. 32
Table 14. Applications of Vibration Molded Graphite. 32
Table 15. Applicaitons of Die-molded graphite. 33
Table 16. Recycled refractory graphite applications. 35
Table 17. Markets and applications of graphite. 35
Table 18. Classification, application and price of graphite as a function of size. 37
Table 19. Pricing by graphite type, 2020-2024. 37
Table 20. Fine Flake Graphite Prices (-100 mesh, 90-97% C). 38
Table 21. Spherical Graphite Prices (99.95% C). 39
Table 22. +32 Mesh Natural Flake Graphite Prices (>500μm, 94-97% C). 39
Table 23. Properties of graphene, properties of competing materials, applications thereof. 41
Table 24. Types of graphene and prices. 42
Table 25. Applications of GO and rGO. 45
Table 26. Markets, benefits and applications of graphene. 46
Table 27. Main graphene producers by country, annual production capacities, types and main markets they sell into. 54
Table 28. Graphene producers. 55
Table 29. Estimated global mine Production of natural graphite 2020-2023, by country (tons). 65
Table 30. Global production of graphite 2016-2023, MT. 65
Table 31. Estimated global graphite production in tonnes, 2024-2035, by type. 66
Table 32. Graphite market developments 2020-2024. 73
Table 33. Demand for synthetic graphite in Asia-Pacific 2016-2035, tonnes. 77
Table 34. Demand for natural graphite in Asia-Pacific 2016-2035, tonnes. 78
Table 35. Demand for synthetic graphite in North America 2016-2035, tonnes. 80
Table 36. Demand for natural graphite in North America 2016-2035, tonnes. 81
Table 37. Demand for synthetic graphite in Europe 2018-2035, tonnes. 82
Table 38. Demand for natural graphite in Europe 2016-2035, tonnes. 83
Table 39. Main natural graphite producers. 86
Table 40. Main synthetic graphite producers. 87
Table 41. Key minerals in an EV battery. 89
Table 42. Current and planned gigafactories. 91
Table 43. Overview of thermal management materials. 103
Table 44. Graphite production capacities by producer. 107
Table 45. Next Resources graphite flake products. 148

List of Tables

Figure 1. Structure of graphite. 13
Figure 2. Comparison of SEM micrographs of sphere-shaped natural graphite (NG; after several processing steps) and synthetic graphite (SG). 16
Figure 3. Overview of graphite production, processing and applications. 17
Figure 4. Flake graphite. 20
Figure 5. Flake graphite production 22
Figure 6. Amorphous graphite. 24
Figure 7. Vein graphite. 26
Figure 8: Isostatic pressed graphite. 29
Figure 9. Global market for graphite EAFs, 2018-2035 (MT). 31
Figure 10. Extruded graphite rod. 32
Figure 11. Vibration Molded Graphite. 33
Figure 12. Die-molded graphite products. 34
Figure 15. Graphene layer structure schematic. 40
Figure 16. Illustrative procedure of the Scotch-tape based micromechanical cleavage of HOPG. 40
Figure 17. Graphite and graphene. 41
Figure 18. Types of CVD methods. 43
Figure 19. Schematic of the manufacture of GnPs starting from natural graphite. 45
Figure 20. Global production of graphite 2016-2023 MT. 66
Figure 21. Estimated global graphite production in tonnes, 2024-2035, by type. 67
Figure 22. Global market demand for natural graphite by end use market 2016-2035, tonnes. 69
Figure 23. Global market demand for synthetic graphite by end use market 2016-2035, tonnes. 70
Figure 24. Consumption of graphite by end use markets, 2023. 71
Figure 25. Demand for graphite by end use markets, 2035. 72
Figure 26. Global consumption of graphite by type and region, 2023. 76
Figure 27. Consumption of synthetic graphite in Asia-Pacific 2016-2035, tonnes. 78
Figure 28. Consumption of natural graphite in Asia-Pacific 2016-2035, tonnes. 79
Figure 29. Demand for synthetic graphite in North America 2016-2035, tonnes. 81
Figure 30. Demand for natural graphite in North America 2018-2035, tonnes. 82
Figure 31. Consumption of synthetic graphite in Europe 2015-2035, tonnes. 83
Figure 32. Consumption of natural graphite in Europe 2015-2035, tonnes. 84
Figure 33. Graphite market supply chain (battery market). 89
Figure 34. Graphite battery market demand, by type 2016-2035, tonnes. 91
Figure 35. 2 Graphite: Content and share of total cell weight, for common types of lithium-ion cells for battery-powered electric vehicles. 94
Figure 36. Graphite as active anode material in lithium-ion cell. 95
Figure 37. Global electric car sales and share of global car sales, 2010-2023. 97
Figure 38. Graphite market demand for refractories, by type 2016-2035, tonnes. 99
Figure 39. Schematic illustration of an EAF. 100
Figure 40. Graphite electrodes demand 2018-2035 in EAFs (million MT). 101
Figure 41. Graphite market demand for recarburising, by type 2016-2035, tonnes. 102
Figure 42. Graphite market demand for recarburising, by type 2016-2035, tonnes. 104
Figure 43. Graphite market demand for friction products by type 2016-2035, tonnes. 105