Summary

As electronic devices become more compact, flexible, and wearable, the demand for similarly flexible and efficient power sources is increasing. Flexible batteries have been identified by the World Economic Forum as one of the key emerging technologies for the next decade. The flexible batteries market is being supported by the expansion of wearable electronics, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and other applications that require thin, bendable, and potentially stretchable power sources. This market report examines the global flexible batteries landscape from 2025 to 2035, providing insights for investors, manufacturers, and technology developers interested in this evolving energy storage solution. Report contents include:

• Market Size and Growth Projections:　Forecasts of the flexible batteries market size and growth rate from 2025 to 2035, categorized by technology, application, and region.
• Technology Analysis:　Overview of various flexible battery technologies, including thin-film lithium-ion, printed batteries, solid-state batteries, and stretchable batteries.
• Application Areas:　Assessment of key application areas such as consumer electronics, healthcare devices, smart packaging, wearables, IoT, and automotive sectors.
• Regional Analysis:　Examination of market trends and opportunities in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and other key regions.
• Competitive Landscape:　Profiles of established companies and new entrants in the flexible batteries space, including their technologies, strategies, and market positioning. Companies profiled include 3DOM Inc., AC Biode, AMO Greentech, Ampcera Inc., Anthro Energy, Ateios Systems, Australian Advanced Materials, Blackstone Resources, Blue Current Inc., Blue Spark Technologies Inc., CCL Design, Enfucell OY, Ensurge Micropower ASA, Evonik, Exeger, Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems (ENAS), Fuelium, Hitachi Zosen, Hyprint GmbH, Ilika, Intecells Inc., Jenax Inc., LiBest Inc., LionVolt BV, Maxell, Navaflex, NEC Corporation, Ohara, Photocentric, PolyPlus Battery Company, prelonic technologies, Prologium Technology Co. Ltd., Sakuú Corporation, Samsung SDI, Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co. Ltd., Shenzhen Grepow Battery Co. Ltd. (Grepow), STMicroelectronics, TotalEnergies, UNIGRID Battery, Varta, and Zinergy UK.
• Recent developments in flexible battery technology.
• Market Drivers and Opportunities.
• Challenges and Market Dynamics
• Technical issues in manufacturing and scaling production.
• Cost considerations and competition from traditional battery technologies.
• Regulatory and safety concerns.
• Technology Benchmarking and Performance Metrics.
• Manufacturing Innovations and Material Science Advancements.
• Investment Landscape and Market Opportunities.
• Analysis of venture capital funding trends.
• Overview of government initiatives and grants supporting flexible battery development.
• Identification of potential investment areas and emerging market segments.

This report offers information for various stakeholders in the flexible batteries ecosystem:

• Manufacturers:　Production strategies, technology selection, and scaling considerations
• Electronics Companies:　Integration challenges and opportunities in product design
• Investors:　Potentially high-growth technologies and market segments for investment
• Researchers:　Areas for further study and development
• Policy Makers:　Regulatory considerations and support mechanisms for industry growth

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Table of Contents

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 16

1.1 Definition and Overview of Flexible Batteries 17
1.2 Battery market megatrends 19
1.3 Advanced materials for batteries 19
1.4 Macro-trends 20
1.5 Importance of Flexible Batteries in Modern Applications 21
1.6 Technology benchmarking 22
1.7 Battery Development 22
1.7.1 Enhanced Energy Density and Performance 24
1.7.2 Stretchable Batteries 24
1.7.3 Textile-Based Batteries 25
1.7.4 Printable Batteries 25
1.7.5 Sustainable and Biodegradable Batteries 26
1.7.6 Self-Healing Batteries 26
1.7.7 Solid-State Flexible Batteries 26
1.7.8 Integration with Energy Harvesting 27
1.7.9 Nanostructured Materials 27
1.7.10 Thin-Film Battery Technologies 28
1.8 The Global Battery Market 29
1.9 Market drivers 30
1.10 Batteries roadmap 31
1.11 Application market roadmap 32
1.12 Applications 33
1.13 Market forecast assumptions and challenges 35
1.13.1 By technology (Millions USD) 35
1.13.2 By technology (Units) 36
1.13.3 By application (Millions USD) 37
1.13.4 By application (Units) 38
1.14 Market and technical challenges 39

2 TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW 40

2.1 Approaches to flexibility 41
2.1.1 Thinness-derived flexibility 43
2.1.2 Material-derived flexibility 44
2.1.3 Device-Design-Derived Flexibility 45
2.2 Production 45
2.3 Flexible Battery Technologies 46
2.3.1 Thin-film Lithium-ion Batteries 46
2.3.1.1 The Goliath range 49
2.3.1.2 Thin film vs bulk solid-state batteries 49
2.3.1.3 Types of Flexible/stretchable LIBs 51
2.3.1.3.1 Flexible planar LiBs 51
2.3.1.3.2 Flexible Fiber LiBs 52
2.3.1.3.3 Flexible micro-LiBs 52
2.3.1.3.4 Stretchable lithium-ion batteries 52
2.3.1.3.5 Origami and kirigami lithium-ion batteries 54
2.3.1.4 Flexible Li/S batteries 55
2.3.1.4.1 Components 55
2.3.1.4.2 Carbon nanomaterials 56
2.3.1.5 Flexible lithium-manganese dioxide (Li–MnO2) batteries 56
2.3.2 Printed Batteries 57
2.3.2.1 Technical specifications 57
2.3.2.2 Components 58
2.3.2.3 Design 60
2.3.2.4 Manufacturing 61
2.3.2.4.1 Blade Coating/Doctor Blade Printing 61
2.3.2.4.2 Screen and Stencil Printing 62
2.3.2.4.3 Screen Printed Secondary NMH Batteries 62
2.3.2.4.4 Spray and Flexographic Printing 62
2.3.2.4.5 Inkjet and Dispenser Printing 62
2.3.2.4.6 2D and 3D Printing techniques 62
2.3.2.5 Key features 64
2.3.2.5.1 Printable current collectors 64
2.3.2.5.2 Printable electrodes 65
2.3.2.5.3 Materials 66
2.3.2.5.4 Applications 66
2.3.2.5.5 Lithium-ion (LIB) printed batteries 68
2.3.2.5.6 Zinc-based printed batteries 69
2.3.2.5.7 3D Printed batteries 71
2.3.2.5.7.1 Materials for 3D printed batteries 74
2.3.2.5.7.1.1 Electrode Materials 74
2.3.2.5.7.1.2 Electrolyte Materials 75
2.3.3 Thin-Film Solid-state Batteries 75
2.3.3.1 Fabrication Techniques 75
2.3.3.1.1 Physical vapor deposition (PVD) 76
2.3.3.1.2 Direct Vapor Deposition 76
2.3.3.2 Solid-state electrolytes 76
2.3.3.3 Features and advantages 77
2.3.3.4 Technical specifications 78
2.3.3.4.1 Types 80
2.3.3.5 Microbatteries 82
2.3.3.5.1 Introduction 82
2.3.3.5.2 Materials 83
2.3.3.5.3 Applications 83
2.3.3.5.4 3D designs 83
2.3.4 Stretchable Batteries 84
2.3.5 Other Emerging Technologies 85
2.3.5.1 Metal-sulfur batteries 85
2.3.5.2 Flexible zinc-based batteries 87
2.3.5.3 Flexible silver–zinc (Ag–Zn) batteries 87
2.3.5.4 Flexible Zn–Air batteries 88
2.3.5.5 Flexible zinc-vanadium batteries 89
2.3.5.6 Fiber-shaped batteries 89
2.3.5.6.1 Carbon nanotubes 89
2.3.5.6.2 Types 89
2.3.5.6.3 Applications 91
2.3.5.6.4 Challenges 91
2.3.5.7 Transparent batteries 91
2.3.5.7.1 Components 92
2.3.5.8 Degradable batteries 93
2.3.5.8.1 Components 94
2.3.5.9 Fiber-shaped batteries 95
2.3.5.9.1 Carbon nanotubes 95
2.3.5.9.2 Types 96
2.3.5.9.3 Applications 97
2.3.5.9.4 Challenges 97
2.3.5.10 Cable-type batteries 97
2.4 Key Components of Flexible Batteries 98
2.4.1 Electrodes 98
2.4.2 Electrolytes 100
2.4.3 Separators 104
2.4.4 Current Collectors 104
2.4.5 Packaging 105
2.4.5.1 Pouch cells 105
2.4.6 Encapsulation Materials 106
2.4.7 Other Manufacturing Techniques 107
2.5 Performance Metrics and Characteristics 108
2.5.1 Energy Density 108
2.5.2 Power Density 108
2.5.3 Cycle Life 109
2.5.4 Flexibility and Bendability 109
2.5.5 Operating Temperature 109
2.5.6 Self-Discharge 109

3 MARKET DYNAMICS 111

3.1 Market Drivers 111
3.1.1 Growing Demand for Wearable Electronics 111
3.1.2 Increasing Adoption of IoT Devices 111
3.1.3 Advancements in Flexible Electronics 111
3.1.4 Rising Interest in Printed Electronics 112
3.1.5 Demand for Lightweight and Portable Power Sources 112
3.2 Market Restraints 112
3.2.1 Technical Challenges in Manufacturing 112
3.2.2 Limited Energy Density Compared to Conventional Batteries 113
3.2.3 High Initial Production Costs 113
3.2.4 Safety Concerns and Regulatory Hurdles 114
3.3 Market Opportunities 114
3.3.1 Emerging Applications in Healthcare and Medical Devices 114
3.3.2 Integration with Energy Harvesting Technologies 115
3.3.3 Potential in Aerospace and Defense Sectors 117
3.3.4 Smart Packaging and RFID Applications 117
3.4 Market Challenges 118
3.4.1 Scaling Up Production 118
3.4.2 Achieving Consistent Performance Under Various Conditions 118
3.4.3 Competition from Alternative Energy Storage Technologies 119
3.4.4 Addressing Environmental and Recycling Concerns 119

4 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND FORECAST (2025-2035) 120

4.1 Market Segmentation by Technology 120
4.1.1 Thin-film Lithium-ion Batteries 120
4.1.2 Printed Batteries 121
4.1.3 Flexible Solid-state Batteries 122
4.1.4 Stretchable Batteries 123
4.2 Market Segmentation by Application 124
4.2.1 Consumer Electronics 124
4.2.2 Healthcare and Medical Devices 125
4.2.3 Smart Packaging 126
4.2.4 Smart Cards and RFID 127
4.2.5 Wearable Devices 128
4.2.6 Internet of Things (IoT) 129
4.2.7 Automotive 130
4.3 Market Segmentation by Region 131
4.3.1 North America 131
4.3.2 Europe 132
4.3.3 Asia-Pacific 133

5 APPLICATION ANALYSIS 134

5.1 Consumer Electronics 134
5.1.1 Foldable and flexible phones 134
5.1.2 Battery Requirements 135
5.1.3 Low-power electronic components 135
5.1.4 Thin and flexible supercapacitors 135
5.1.5 Applications 136
5.1.5.1 Flexible Batteries in Smartphones 136
5.1.5.2 Flexible Batteries in Tablets 137
5.1.5.3 Flexible Batteries in Wearables 137
5.1.6 Technology Requirements and Challenges 137
5.2 Healthcare and Medical Devices 138
5.2.1 Key Applications 138
5.2.1.1 Smart Patches 138
5.2.1.1.1 Cosmetic Skin Patches 139
5.2.1.1.2 Cardiovascular monitoring patch 139
5.2.1.1.3 Diabetes management 139
5.2.1.1.4 Temperature Monitoring 140
5.2.1.2 Implantable Devices 141
5.2.1.3 Monitoring Systems 143
5.2.2 Technology Requirements and Challenges 143
5.3 Smart Packaging 144
5.3.1 Key Applications 144
5.3.1.1 Temperature Sensors 144
5.3.1.2 Freshness Indicators 144
5.3.2 Technology Requirements and Challenges 144
5.4 Smart Cards and RFID 145
5.4.1 Key Applications 146
5.4.2 Technology Requirements and Challenges 146
5.5 Wearable Devices 147
5.5.1 Key Products 147
5.5.1.1 Wrist-worn wearables and fitness trackers 149
5.5.1.2 Smart Textiles 150
5.5.1.3 Smart eyewear and headwear 151
5.5.1.4 Smart contact lenses 152
5.5.2 Technology Requirements and Challenges 153
5.6 Internet of Things (IoT) 153
5.6.1 Key Applications 153
5.6.1.1 Sensors 153
5.6.1.1.1 IoT and Industry 4.0 ecosystem 155
5.6.1.1.2 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) 156
5.6.1.1.3 IoT applications in consumer goods 157
5.6.1.2 Smart Home Devices 157
5.6.1.3 Industrial IoT 158
5.6.2 Technology Requirements and Challenges 159
5.7 Aerospace and Defense 159
5.7.1 Key Applications 159
5.7.1.1 Drones 160
5.7.1.2 Soldier Systems 161
5.7.1.3 Aircraft Components 161
5.7.2 Technology Requirements and Challenges 162
5.8 Automotive 163
5.8.1 Key Applications 163
5.8.1.1 Electric Vehicles 163
5.8.1.2 Smart Keys 164
5.8.1.3 In-Car Electronics 164
5.8.2 Technology Requirements and Challenges 165

6 TRENDS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK 166

6.1 Emerging Flexible Battery Technologies 166
6.1.1 Graphene-based Flexible Batteries 166
6.1.2 Fiber and Textile Batteries 167
6.1.3 Bio-batteries and Eco-friendly Solutions 167
6.1.4 Self-healing Battery Technologies 168
6.2 Integration with Other Technologies 168
6.2.1 Flexible Solar Cells 169
6.2.2 Wireless Charging Systems 170
6.2.3 Energy Harvesting Devices 170
6.2.4 Artificial Intelligence and Smart Power Management 171
6.3 Advancements in Materials Science 172
6.4 Manufacturing Innovations 173
6.5 Standardization and Regulatory Landscape 176
6.5.1 Development of Industry Standards 176
6.5.2 Safety Regulations and Compliance 177
6.5.3 Environmental Regulations and Sustainability Initiatives 177
6.6 Environmental Impact and Sustainability 178
6.6.1 Life Cycle Assessment of Flexible Batteries 178
6.6.2 Recyclability and End-of-Life Management 179
6.6.3 Eco-friendly Materials and Production Processes 180

7 COMPANY PROFILES 182 (44 company profiles)

8 APPENDICES 225

8.1 Glossary of Terms 225
8.2 List of Abbreviations 225
8.3 Research Methodology 227

9 REFERENCES 228

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List of Tables/Graphs

List of Tables

Table 1. Comparison with Conventional Battery Technologies. 18
Table 2. Battery market megatrends. 19
Table 3. Advanced materials for batteries. 20
Table 4. Macro-trends in flexible batteries. 20
Table 5. Technology benchmarking for flexible batteries. 22
Table 6. Application market roadmap for flexible batteries. 32
Table 7. Overview of applications for flexible batteries. 34
Table 8. Value drivers for flexible batteries. 34
Table 9. Global market 2025-2035 by technology (Millions USD) for flexible batteries. 35
Table 10. Global market 2025-2035 by technology (units) for flexible batteries. 36
Table 11.Global market 2025-2035 by application (Millions USD) for flexible batteries. 37
Table 12. Global market 2025-2035 by application (Units) for flexible batteries. 38
Table 13. Market and technical challenges in flexible batteries. 40
Table 14. Comparison of Flexible vs Traditional LIB. 44
Table 15. Material Choices for Flexible Battery Components. 44
Table 16. Flexible Battery Production Facilities. 46
Table 17. Flexible Li-ion battery commercial examples 47
Table 18. Thin film vs bulk solid-state batteries. 50
Table 19. Types of Flexible/Stretchable LIBs. 51
Table 20. Summary of fiber-shaped lithium-ion batteries. 52
Table 21. Main components and properties of different printed battery types. 59
Table 22. Manufacturing Technologies for Printed Batteries. 61
Table 23. Comparison of Printing Techniques. 61
Table 24. 2D and 3D printing techniques. 62
Table 25. Printing techniques applied to printed batteries. 63
Table 26. Advantages and Disadvantages of Printing Techniques. 64
Table 27, Types of printable current collectors and the materials commonly used. 65
Table 28. Applications of printed batteries and their physical and electrochemical requirements. 66
Table 29. Main components and corresponding electrochemical values of lithium-ion printed batteries. 68
Table 30. Printing technique, main components and corresponding electrochemical values of printed batteries based on Zn–MnO2 and other battery types. 69
Table 31. Main 3D Printing techniques for battery manufacturing. 73
Table 32. Electrode Materials for 3D Printed Batteries. 74
Table 33. Main Fabrication Techniques for Thin Film Batteries. 75
Table 34. Types of solid-state electrolytes. 76
Table 35. Market segmentation and status for solid-state batteries. 77
Table 36. Typical process chains for manufacturing key components and assembly of solid-state batteries. 78
Table 37. Comparison between liquid and solid-state batteries. 82
Table 38. Types of fiber-shaped batteries. 89
Table 39. Components of transparent batteries. 92
Table 40. Components of degradable batteries. 94
Table 41. Types of fiber-shaped batteries. 96
Table 42. Comparison of Organic and Inorganic Solid-State Electrolytes. 101
Table 43. Electrode designs in flexible lithium-ion batteries. 101
Table 44. Packaging procedures for pouch cells. 106
Table 45. Encapsulation Materials. 106
Table 46. Manufacturing Techniques Combinations. 107
Table 47. Energy Density Comparison. 108
Table 48. Power Density Performance. 108
Table 49. Cycle Life Performance. 109
Table 50. Flexibility Metrics. 109
Table 51. Temperature Effects. 109
Table 52. Self-Discharge Rates. 110
Table 53. Market Drivers for Flexible Batteries. 111
Table 54. Market Restraints for Flexible Batteries. 112
Table 55. Technical Challenges in Manufacturing, 112
Table 56. Limited Energy Density Comparison. 113
Table 57. Production Cost Comparison. 113
Table 58. Healthcare and Medical Applications. 114
Table 59. Smart Packaging Applications. 117
Table 60. Thin batteries used in RFID tags/ sensors 118
Table 61. Alternative Technology Comparison. 119
Table 62. Global market for Thin-film Lithium-ion Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 120
Table 63. Global market for Printed Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 121
Table 64. Global market for Flexible Solid-state Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 122
Table 65. Global market for Stretchable Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 123
Table 66. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Consumer Electronics 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 124
Table 67. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Healthcare and Medical Devices 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 125
Table 68. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Smart Packaging 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 126
Table 69. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Smart Cards and RFID 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 127
Table 70. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Wearables 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 128
Table 71. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Internet of Things (IoT) 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 129
Table 72. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Automotive 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 130
Table 73. Market for Flexible Batteries in North America 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 131
Table 74. Market for Flexible Batteries in Europe 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 132
Table 75. Market for Flexible Batteries in Asia-Pacific 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 133
Table 76. Applications of Flexible Batteries in Consumer Electronics. 136
Table 77. Applications of Flexible Batteries in Medical/Healthcare. 138
Table 78. Monitoring Systems in Medicine and Healthcare Applications. 143
Table 79. Alternative Power Solutions for Smart Cards. 145
Table 80. Applications of Flexible Batteries in Smart Cards and RFID. 146
Table 81. Healthcare for Wearables. 148
Table 82. Flexible batteries in IoT devices. 155
Table 83. Flexible Batteries in Aerospace and Defence. 159
Table 84. Applications of Flexible Batteries in the Automotive Industry. 163
Table 85. Emerging Flexible Battery Technologies. 166
Table 86. Novel Electrode Materials. 172
Table 87. Automated Production Lines for Flexible Batteries. 174
Table 88. Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing for Flexible Batteries. 175
Table 89. Nano-manufacturing Techniques for Flexible Batteries. 175
Table 90. Global safety regulations. 177
Table 91. Environmental Regulations for Flexible Batteries. 177
Table 92. LCA process for Flexible Batteries. 178
Table 93. Recycling and End-of-Life Considerations. 179
Table 94. Eco-friendly Materials in Flexible Batteries. 180
Table 95. Eco-friendly Production Processes. 180
Table 96. 3DOM separator. 183
Table 97. Battery performance test specifications of J. Flex batteries. 204
Table 98. Glossary of Terms 225
Table 99. List of Abbreviations. 225

List of Figures

Figure 1. Flexible, rechargeable battery. 17
Figure 2. Examples of Flexible batteries on the market. 23
Figure 3. Stretchable lithium-ion battery for flexible electronics 25
Figure 4. Loomia E-textile. 25
Figure 5. BrightVolt battery. 26
Figure 6. ProLogium solid-state technology. 27
Figure 7. Amprius Li-ion batteries. 28
Figure 8. MOLEX thin-film battery. 28
Figure 9. Grepow flexible batteries. 29
Figure 10. Global market 2025-2035 by technology (value) for flexible batteries. 36
Figure 11. Global market 2025-2035 by technology (units) for flexible batteries. 37
Figure 12. Global market 2025-2035 by application (Millions USD) for flexible batteries. 38
Figure 13. Global market 2025-2035 by application (Units) for flexible batteries. 39
Figure 14. The evolution of flexible energy storage devices. 41
Figure 15. Types of flexible batteries. 42
Figure 16. Various architectures for flexible and stretchable electrochemical energy storage. 43
Figure 17. Materials and design structures in flexible lithium ion batteries. 47
Figure 18. Blue Spark Flexible Battery. 47
Figure 19. J.Flex Battery. 47
Figure 20. LG Chem Wire battery. 48
Figure 21. Panasonic Flexible Li-ion. 48
Figure 22. ProLogium Flexible SSB. 48
Figure 23. Samsung SDI Stripe Battery. 48
Figure 24. a–c) Schematic illustration of coaxial (a), twisted (b), and stretchable (c) LIBs. 49
Figure 25. Panasonic’s flexible lithium-ion battery. 50
Figure 26. Flexible/stretchable LIBs with different structures. 51
Figure 27. a) Schematic illustration of the fabrication of the superstretchy LIB based on an MWCNT/LMO composite fiber and an MWCNT/LTO composite fiber. b,c) Photograph (b) and the schematic illustration (c) of a stretchable fiber-shaped battery under stretching conditions. d) Schematic illustration of the spring-like stretchable LIB. e) SEM images of a fiberat different strains. f) Evolution of specific capacitance with strain. d–f) 54
Figure 28. Origami disposable battery. 55
Figure 29. Zn–MnO2 batteries produced by Brightvolt. 57
Figure 30. VARTA AG printed battery. 57
Figure 31. Various applications of printed paper batteries. 58
Figure 32.Schematic representation of the main components of a battery. 59
Figure 33. Schematic of a printed battery in a sandwich cell architecture, where the anode and cathode of the battery are stacked together. 60
Figure 34. Sakuú's Swift Print 3D-printed solid-state battery cells. 71
Figure 35. Manufacturing Processes for Conventional Batteries (I), 3D Microbatteries (II), and 3D-Printed Batteries (III). 72
Figure 36. Examples of applications of thin film batteries. 79
Figure 37. Capacities and voltage windows of various cathode and anode materials. 80
Figure 38. Traditional lithium-ion battery (left), solid state battery (right). 81
Figure 39. Stretchable lithium-air battery for wearable electronics. 85
Figure 40. Ag–Zn batteries. 88
Figure 41. Transparent batteries. 92
Figure 42. Degradable batteries. 94
Figure 43. LG Chem's cable-type battery . 98
Figure 44. Fraunhofer IFAM printed electrodes. 99
Figure 45. Ragone plots of diverse batteries and the commonly used electronics powered by flexible batteries. 100
Figure 46. Schematic of the structure of stretchable LIBs. 102
Figure 47. Electrochemical performance of materials in flexible LIBs. 102
Figure 48. Lithium Pouch Battery. 106
Figure 49. Wearable self-powered devices. 116
Figure 50. Toppan's RFID Tag with Electronic Paper Display. 118
Figure 51. Global market for Thin-film Lithium-ion Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 120
Figure 52. Global market for Printed Lithium-ion Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 121
Figure 53. Global market for Flexible Solid-state Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 122
Figure 54. Global market for Stretchable Solid-state Batteries 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 123
Figure 55. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Consumer Electronics 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 124
Figure 56. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Healthcare and Medical Devices 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 125
Figure 57. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Smart Packaging 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 126
Figure 58. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Smart Cards and RFID 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 127
Figure 59. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Wearables 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 128
Figure 60. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Internet of Things (IoT) 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 129
Figure 61. Global market for Flexible Batteries in Automotive 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 130
Figure 62. Market for Flexible Batteries in North America 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 131
Figure 63. Market for Flexible Batteries in Europe 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 132
Figure 64. Market for Flexible Batteries in Asia-Pacific 2025-2035 (Millions USD). 133
Figure 65. Skin patch. 140
Figure 66. TempTraq Wearable Temperature Monitor. 141
Figure 67. Flexible, non-cytotoxic battery concept. 143
Figure 68. Mojo Vision Smart Contact Lens. 152
Figure 69. 3DOM battery. 182
Figure 70. AC biode prototype. 184
Figure 71. Ampcera’s all-ceramic dense solid-state electrolyte separator sheets (25 um thickness, 50mm x 100mm size, flexible and defect free, room temperature ionic conductivity ~1 mA/cm). 186
Figure 72. Ateios thin-film, printed battery. 187
Figure 73. 3D printed lithium-ion battery. 189
Figure 74. TempTraq wearable patch. 191
Figure 75. SoftBattery®. 193
Figure 76. Roll-to-roll equipment working with ultrathin steel substrate. 194
Figure 77. TAeTTOOz printable battery materials. 195
Figure 78. Exeger Powerfoyle. 196
Figure 79. 2D paper batteries. 199
Figure 80. 3D Custom Format paper batteries. 199
Figure 81. Hitachi Zosen solid-state battery. 200
Figure 82. Ilika solid-state batteries. 202
Figure 83. TAeTTOOz printable battery materials. 203
Figure 84. LiBEST flexible battery. 206
Figure 85. 3D solid-state thin-film battery technology. 207
Figure 86. Schematic illustration of three-chamber system for SWCNH production. 209
Figure 87. TEM images of carbon nanobrush. 210
Figure 88. Printed Energy flexible battery. 214
Figure 89. Printed battery. 215
Figure 90. ProLogium solid-state battery. 216
Figure 91. Sakuú Corporation 3Ah Lithium Metal Solid-state Battery. 217
Figure 92. Samsung SDI's sixth-generation prismatic batteries. 218
Figure 93. Grepow flexible battery. 221