熱電モジュール市場:モデル(シングルステージ、マルチステージ)、タイプ(バルク、マイクロ、薄膜)、機能(汎用、深冷)、エンドユーズアプリケーション(家電、自動車)、製品、地域別 - 2027年までの世界予測Thermoelectric Modules Market by Model (Single Stage, Multi Stage), Type (Bulk, Micro, Thin Film), Functionality (General Purpose, Deep Cooling), End-Use Application (Consumer Electronics, Automotive), Offering and Region - Global Forecast to 2027 サーモエレクトリック モジュールの市場は、2022年の6億9300万米ドルから2027年には10億5400万米ドルに達すると予測されており、予測期間中に8.8%のCAGRで成長すると予想されています。TEMは、蒸気圧縮冷却システ... もっと見る
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サマリーサーモエレクトリック モジュールの市場は、2022年の6億9300万米ドルから2027年には10億5400万米ドルに達すると予測されており、予測期間中に8.8%のCAGRで成長すると予想されています。TEMは、蒸気圧縮冷却システムと比較してコンパクトな設計が可能であるため、様々な用途で採用されています。また、温水と冷水を生成することができるため、さまざまな用途で採用が進んでいます。さらに、電気自動車や高級車の市場が急速に拡大していることも、サーモエレクトリックモジュール市場を牽引すると予想されます。TEMは、電気自動車でバッテリー駆動システムの温度を安定させるために使用されています。"マルチステージサーモエレクトリックモジュール市場は予測期間中に高いCAGRで成長する" マルチステージサーモエレクトリックモジュールは、カスケードサーモエレクトリックモジュールとしても知られています。これらは、モジュールの高温側と低温側の間の高温差で動作します。これらのモジュールは、約130℃というかなり高い温度差を実現するように設計されている。そのため、カスケード接続されたモジュールが重ねられ、あるモジュールの低温側を上に取り付けられた別のモジュールの高温側とする。多段式サーモエレクトリックモジュールは、低~中程度の冷却能力を必要とするアプリケーションに適している。 "マイクロサーモエレクトリックモジュールの市場は予測期間中に最も高いCAGRで成長する" マイクロサーモエレクトリックモジュールは、1.0mm角以下の半導体素子を搭載したデバイスです。温度差がゼロの状態から、簡単に熱を電気に変換することができます。また、ウェアラブル端末や無線センサーなどの電気機器の消費電力を低減することができます。技術の進歩により、製品の小型化が進み、マイクロプロセッサー、マイクロセンサー、マイクロコントローラー、マイクロインスツルメントなどのマイクロデバイスの数が増えている。そのため、マイクロサーモエレクトリックモジュールの需要は、今後数年間で拡大すると考えられます。 "自動車用アプリケーションの市場は予測期間中に最も高いCAGRで成長する" サーモエレクトリック・モジュールは、自動車用シートの冷却/加熱、カップホルダー、グローブボックス、自動車用ナイトビジョン、廃熱回収などの自動車用途で顕著に使用されています。自動車用シートでは、加熱と冷却の機能を簡単に切り替えることができるサーモエレクトリック モジュールが使用されています。最近の自動車では、自律走行システムが多くの利点をもたらしています。高温サーモエレクトリッククーラーは、各システムを許容温度範囲内で動作させ、その性能を最適化するために必要な熱管理ソリューションを提供します。軽自動車の生産台数の増加により、自動車用途のサーモエレクトリックモジュールの需要は増加すると予想されます。電気自動車の急速な普及に伴い、バッテリーパックの最適な温度を維持するためにサーモエレクトリック・モジュールがより多く使用されるようになると予想されます。 "APACは予測期間中、他の地域の中でサーモエレクトリック・モジュール市場に最も高い成長機会を創出する" APACは、コンシューマーエレクトロニクス製品の製造と消費の面で最大のコンシューマーエレクトロニクス市場です。中国では、人口の多さからコンシューマーエレクトロニクス製品の需要が高まっています。中国のサーモエレクトリックモジュール市場において、産業用途は自動車用途に次いで2番目に大きなセグメントです。日本政府は、製造業や医療分野でインテリジェントな機械の使用を増やすために、国内でロボット革命を起こすためのイニシアチブをとっており、これが日本の産業分野でのサーモエレクトリック・モジュール市場を牽引することになるでしょう。電気自動車とハイブリッド車の主要メーカーの1つである韓国は、電気自動車市場の成長とともに、サーモエレクトリック・モジュール市場に高い成長機会をもたらすと期待されています。 二次調査を通じて収集したいくつかのセグメントとサブセグメントの市場規模を決定し検証する過程で、熱電モジュール市場分野の主要な業界専門家に広範な一次インタビューを実施しました。本レポートの主要参加者の内訳は、以下の通りです。 - 企業タイプ別企業タイプ別:Tier 1 - 40%、Tier 2 - 30%、Tier 3 - 30 - 役職別役職別:Cレベル経営者 - 40%、役員 - 40%、その他 - 20 - 地域別北米:40%、APAC:30%、ヨーロッパ:20%、RoW:10 本レポートでは、サーモエレクトリックモジュール市場における主要企業のプロファイルを、それぞれの市場ランキング分析とともに紹介しています。本レポートでプロファイリングされている著名なプレイヤーは、Ferrotec(日本)、Laird Thermal Systems(米国)、II-VI Incorporated(米国)、Kelk(日本)、Guangdong Fuxin Technology(中国)、TE Technology(米国)、TEC Microsystems(ドイツ)、Crystal(ロシア)、Kryotherm(ロシア)、Phononic(米国)、です。 調査対象範囲 この調査レポートは、熱電モジュール市場をモデル、タイプ、機能、エンドユーズアプリケーション、提供、地域に基づいて分類しています。また、サーモエレクトリックモジュール市場に関連する主要な推進要因、阻害要因、課題、機会について説明し、2027年まで予測します。さらに、サーモエレクトリック モジュールのエコシステムに含まれるすべての企業のリーダーシップマッピングと分析も行っています。 レポート購入の主なメリット 本レポートは、サーモエレクトリックモジュール市場全体とサブセグメントにおける収益数の最も近い近似値に関する情報を提供し、この市場における市場リーダー/新規参入者を支援します。本レポートは、利害関係者が競争環境を理解し、より良いビジネスの位置づけと適切な市場参入戦略を計画するためのより多くの洞察を得るのに役立ちます。また、利害関係者が市場の鼓動を理解するのに役立ち、主要な市場促進要因、阻害要因、課題、機会に関する情報を提供します。 目次1 INTRODUCTION 301.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES 30 1.2 MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE 30 1.2.1 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS 31 1.3 STUDY SCOPE 31 FIGURE 1 SEGMENTATION OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 31 1.3.1 YEARS CONSIDERED 32 1.4 CURRENCY & PRICING 32 1.5 STAKEHOLDERS 32 1.6 SUMMARY OF CHANGES 33 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 34 2.1 RESEARCH DATA 34 FIGURE 2 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 34 2.1.1 SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH 36 2.1.1.1 Key industry insights 37 2.1.2 SECONDARY DATA 37 2.1.2.1 List of key secondary sources 37 2.1.2.2 Key data from secondary sources 38 2.1.3 PRIMARY DATA 38 2.1.3.1 Breakdown of primaries 38 2.1.3.2 Key data from primary sources 39 2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 39 2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 40 2.2.1.1 Approach to arrive at market size using bottom-up analysis (demand side) 40 FIGURE 3 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 40 2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 41 2.2.2.1 Approach for estimating market size using top-down analysis (supply side) 41 FIGURE 4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: TOP-DOWN APPROACH 41 FIGURE 5 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: APPROACH 1 (SUPPLY SIDE) — REVENUE GENERATED BY COMPANIES IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 42 2.3 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION 43 FIGURE 6 DATA TRIANGULATION 43 2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 44 2.5 RISK ASSESSMENT 44 TABLE 1 LIMITATIONS AND ASSOCIATED RISKS 44 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 45 FIGURE 7 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: 2018–2027 (USD MILLION) 45 FIGURE 8 MULTI-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES SEGMENT EXPECTED TO EXPERIENCE FASTER GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD 46 FIGURE 9 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 46 FIGURE 10 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 47 FIGURE 11 APAC ACCOUNTS FOR LARGEST SHARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN 2022 48 4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 49 4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 49 FIGURE 12 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES OFFER MAJOR GROWTH PROSPECTS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 49 4.2 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION 49 FIGURE 13 APAC TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR IN BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES SEGMENT DURING FORECAST PERIOD 49 4.3 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY 50 FIGURE 14 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO LEAD MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD 50 4.4 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN APAC, BY END-USE APPLICATION VS. BY COUNTRY 50 FIGURE 15 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS IS LARGEST APPLICATION OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES IN APAC 50 4.5 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY 51 FIGURE 16 US ACCOUNTS FOR LARGEST SHARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN 2022 51 5 MARKET OVERVIEW 52 5.1 INTRODUCTION 52 5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS 52 FIGURE 17 IMPACT OF DRIVERS AND OPPORTUNITIES ON THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 52 FIGURE 18 IMPACT OF RESTRAINTS AND CHALLENGES ON THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 53 5.2.1 DRIVERS 53 5.2.1.1 Benefits of TEMs over conventional systems 53 5.2.1.2 Simultaneous heating and cooling properties of TEMs driving demand in several applications 53 5.2.1.3 Growth of electric and luxury vehicles increasing demand for TEMs 54 5.2.2 RESTRAINTS 54 5.2.2.1 Inherent disadvantages and design complexities 54 5.2.2.2 High costs compared with traditional heating/cooling systems 54 5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES 55 5.2.3.1 Development of TEMs for new application areas 55 5.2.3.2 Thermoelectric coolers for storage and transport of COVID-19 vaccines 55 5.2.4 CHALLENGES 56 5.2.4.1 Reliability and strength of TEMs 56 5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 56 FIGURE 19 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: R&D AND MANUFACTURING PHASES CONTRIBUTE MAXIMUM VALUE 56 5.4 ECOSYSTEM/MARKET MAP 58 FIGURE 20 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET ECOSYSTEM 58 5.4.1 THERMOELECTRIC MODULE OEMS 58 5.4.2 SUPPLIERS 59 5.4.3 DISTRIBUTORS 59 TABLE 2 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: ECOSYSTEM 59 5.5 PRICING ANALYSIS 60 FIGURE 21 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE FORECAST OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES (2020–2027) 60 TABLE 3 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES, 2020–2027 (USD) 60 5.6 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS’ BUSINESS 61 FIGURE 22 REVENUE SHIFT FOR THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 61 5.7 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS 62 5.7.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES 62 5.7.1.1 Thermoelectric generators 62 5.7.1.2 Thermoelectric heat pumps 62 5.7.2 ADJACENT TECHNOLOGY 62 5.7.2.1 Traditional heat pumps 62 5.8 TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 63 5.8.1 NEW MATERIALS USED FOR MANUFACTURING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 63 5.8.2 MINIATURIZATION OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 63 5.9 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 63 TABLE 4 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 63 5.9.1 DEGREE OF COMPETITION 64 5.9.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 64 5.9.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 64 5.9.4 THREAT FROM SUBSTITUTES 64 5.9.5 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 64 5.10 CASE STUDIES 65 5.10.1 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS USED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR COOLING OPTICAL SENSORS 65 5.10.2 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS USED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR VISION SYSTEMS 65 5.10.3 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS USED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR PRESERVING MEDICAL REAGENTS 65 5.10.4 II-VI MARLOW SHOWCASED THERMOELECTRIC COOLER FOR THERMAL CYCLING 65 5.10.5 II-VI MARLOW SHOWCASED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR ENERGY HARVESTING 65 5.10.6 CRYSTAL DEVELOPED PROTOTYPE FOR LABORATORY RESEARCH EQUIPMENT 65 5.10.7 MAHLE TESTING THERMOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS 66 5.10.8 PHONONIC LEVERAGED THERMOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY TO DEVELOP CPU COOLER 66 5.10.9 PHONONIC PROVIDED SOLID-STATE REFRIGERATION SOLUTIONS USING THERMOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY 66 5.10.10 PHONONIC OFFERED THERMOELECTRIC FREEZERS TO CONVENIENCE STORES 66 5.11 TRADE ANALYSIS 66 5.11.1 TRADE DATA 66 FIGURE 23 IMPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 8418, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 67 FIGURE 24 EXPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 8418, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 67 5.12 PATENT ANALYSIS 68 FIGURE 25 NUMBER OF PATENTS GRANTED PER YEAR, 2012–2021 68 FIGURE 26 TOP 10 COMPANIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS IN LAST 10 YEARS 68 TABLE 5 TOP 20 PATENT OWNERS IN LAST 10 YEARS 69 TABLE 6 LIST OF A FEW PATENTS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, 2018–2021 69 5.13 TARIFFS AND REGULATIONS 74 5.13.1 TARIFFS RELATED TO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 74 5.13.2 REGULATIONS 74 5.13.2.1 Europe 74 5.13.2.1.1 RoHS 74 5.13.2.2 US 74 5.13.2.2.1 Telcordia GR-468 74 5.13.2.2.2 ITAR 75 5.13.3 GLOBAL 75 5.13.3.1 Space qualifications 75 6 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY MODEL 76 6.1 INTRODUCTION 77 FIGURE 27 MULTI-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO REGISTER HIGHER CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 77 TABLE 7 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY MODEL, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 77 TABLE 8 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY MODEL, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 77 6.2 SINGLE-STAGE 78 6.2.1 SINGLE-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HAVE ONLY ONE STAGE OR LAYER TO ACHIEVE STANDARD TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES 78 6.3 MULTI-STAGE 78 6.3.1 MULTI-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HAVE HIGH-TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIALS BETWEEN HOT AND COLD SIDES OF MODULES 78 7 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE 79 7.1 INTRODUCTION 80 FIGURE 28 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 80 TABLE 9 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 80 TABLE 10 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 80 TABLE 11 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2021–2027 (MILLION UNITS) 81 7.2 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 81 7.2.1 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HAVE HIGHER POWER OUTPUT AND VOLTAGE COMPARED TO OTHER MODULES 81 TABLE 12 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 82 TABLE 13 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 82 7.3 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 82 7.3.1 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HELP IN REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRIC DEVICES 82 TABLE 14 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 83 TABLE 15 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 83 7.4 THIN-FILM THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 83 7.4.1 THESE MODULES PRODUCE MAXIMUM HEAT FLUX 83 TABLE 16 THIN-FILM THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 84 TABLE 17 THIN-FILM THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 84 8 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY 85 8.1 INTRODUCTION 86 FIGURE 29 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO LEAD MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD 86 TABLE 18 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 86 TABLE 19 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 86 8.2 GENERAL-PURPOSE 87 8.2.1 TELECOMMUNICATIONS TO REMAIN LARGEST APPLICATION OF GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 87 TABLE 20 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 87 TABLE 21 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 88 8.3 DEEP COOLING 88 8.3.1 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS TO REMAIN LARGEST END USER OF DEEP COOLING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 88 TABLE 22 DEEP COOLING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 88 TABLE 23 DEEP COOLING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 89 9 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY OFFERING 90 9.1 INTRODUCTION 91 FIGURE 30 HARDWARE COMPONENT TO HOLD LARGER SHARE OF MARKET THROUGHOUT FORECAST PERIOD 91 TABLE 24 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 91 TABLE 25 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 91 9.2 HARDWARE 92 9.2.1 HARDWARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES INCLUDES VARIOUS ELEMENTS AND COMPONENTS THAT WORK AS A UNIT 92 9.3 SERVICES 92 9.3.1 SERVICES INCLUDE PROTOTYPING, DESIGNING, ENGINEERING, TESTING, AND COMPLIANCE 92 10 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION 93 10.1 INTRODUCTION 94 FIGURE 31 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION DURING FORECAST PERIOD 94 TABLE 26 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 94 TABLE 27 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 95 10.2 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 96 10.2.1 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS HELD LARGEST SHARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 96 TABLE 28 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 97 TABLE 29 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 97 TABLE 30 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 97 TABLE 31 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 98 TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS , BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 98 TABLE 33 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 98 TABLE 34 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 99 TABLE 35 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 99 TABLE 36 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 99 TABLE 37 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 100 TABLE 38 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 100 TABLE 39 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 100 10.3 INDUSTRIAL 101 10.3.1 USE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES IN FOOD & BEVERAGES INDUSTRY DRIVING OVERALL MARKET 101 TABLE 40 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 101 TABLE 41 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 101 TABLE 42 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 102 TABLE 43 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 102 TABLE 44 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 102 TABLE 45 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 103 TABLE 46 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 103 TABLE 47 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 103 TABLE 48 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 104 TABLE 49 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 104 TABLE 50 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 104 TABLE 51 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 105 10.4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 105 10.4.1 APAC TO ACCOUNT FOR LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPLICATION DURING FORECAST PERIOD 105 TABLE 52 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 105 TABLE 53 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 106 TABLE 54 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 106 TABLE 55 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 106 TABLE 56 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 107 TABLE 57 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 107 TABLE 58 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 107 TABLE 59 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 108 TABLE 60 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 108 TABLE 61 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 108 TABLE 62 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 109 TABLE 63 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 109 10.5 AUTOMOTIVE 109 10.5.1 MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 109 TABLE 64 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 110 TABLE 65 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 110 TABLE 66 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 110 TABLE 67 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 111 TABLE 68 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 111 TABLE 69 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 111 TABLE 70 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 112 TABLE 71 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 112 TABLE 72 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 112 TABLE 73 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 113 TABLE 74 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 113 TABLE 75 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 113 10.6 MEDICAL & LABORATORIES 114 10.6.1 NEED FOR TEMPERATURE STABILIZATION BOOSTING DEMAND FOR THERMOELECTRIC MODULES IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES 114 TABLE 76 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 114 TABLE 77 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 114 TABLE 78 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 115 TABLE 79 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 115 TABLE 80 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 115 TABLE 81 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 116 TABLE 82 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 116 TABLE 83 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 116 TABLE 84 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 117 TABLE 85 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 117 TABLE 86 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 117 TABLE 87 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 118 10.7 AEROSPACE & DEFENSE 118 10.7.1 MARLOW AND RMT ARE AMONG KEY COMPANIES CATERING TO DEMAND IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE APPLICATION 118 TABLE 88 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 118 TABLE 89 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 119 TABLE 90 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 119 TABLE 91 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 119 TABLE 92 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 120 TABLE 93 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 120 TABLE 94 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 120 TABLE 95 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 121 TABLE 96 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 121 TABLE 97 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 121 TABLE 98 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 122 TABLE 99 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 122 10.8 OIL & GAS AND MINING 122 10.8.1 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES USED IN GAS ANALYZERS, METERING EQUIPMENT, AND REMOTE TELEMETRY UNITS 122 TABLE 100 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 122 TABLE 101 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 123 TABLE 102 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 123 TABLE 103 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 123 TABLE 104 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 124 TABLE 105 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 124 TABLE 106 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 124 TABLE 107 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 125 TABLE 108 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 125 TABLE 109 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 125 TABLE 110 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 126 TABLE 111 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 126 11 GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS 127 11.1 INTRODUCTION 128 FIGURE 32 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN APAC TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD 128 TABLE 112 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 128 TABLE 113 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 129 TABLE 114 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2027 (MILLION UNITS) 129 11.2 NORTH AMERICA 130 FIGURE 33 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET SNAPSHOT 130 TABLE 115 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 131 TABLE 116 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 131 TABLE 117 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 131 TABLE 118 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 132 TABLE 119 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 132 TABLE 120 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 132 11.2.1 US 133 11.2.1.1 Industrial clusters using thermoelectric modules to improve efficiency and provide clean energy 133 11.2.2 CANADA 133 11.2.2.1 Industrial and automotive applications driving growth of thermoelectric modules market in Canada 133 11.2.3 MEXICO 133 11.2.3.1 Growing automotive and industrial applications driving thermoelectric modules 133 11.3 EUROPE 134 FIGURE 34 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET SNAPSHOT 134 TABLE 121 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 135 TABLE 122 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 135 TABLE 123 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 135 TABLE 124 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 136 TABLE 125 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 136 TABLE 126 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 136 11.3.1 GERMANY 137 11.3.1.1 Germany estimated to hold largest share of thermoelectric modules market in Europe 137 11.3.2 UK 137 11.3.2.1 Growing industrial and automotive sectors to drive market in UK 137 11.3.3 FRANCE 137 11.3.3.1 Government incentives to reduce emissions to boost market growth in France 137 11.3.4 ITALY 137 11.3.4.1 Presence of luxury and high-performance automotive manufacturers to drive market in Italy 137 11.3.5 REST OF EUROPE 138 11.4 ASIA PACIFIC 138 FIGURE 35 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET SNAPSHOT 138 TABLE 127 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 139 TABLE 128 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 139 TABLE 129 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET , BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 139 TABLE 130 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET , BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 140 TABLE 131 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 140 TABLE 132 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 140 11.4.1 CHINA 141 11.4.1.1 China to hold largest share of thermoelectric modules market in APAC during forecast period 141 11.4.2 JAPAN 141 11.4.2.1 Consumer electronics market driving growth of thermoelectric modules in Japan 141 11.4.3 SOUTH KOREA 141 11.4.3.1 Thermoelectric modules market in South Korea dominated by telecommunications and automotive applications 141 11.4.4 REST OF APAC 141 11.5 ROW 142 TABLE 133 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 142 TABLE 134 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 142 TABLE 135 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 143 TABLE 136 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 143 TABLE 137 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 143 TABLE 138 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 143 11.5.1 SOUTH AMERICA 144 11.5.1.1 South America to hold larger share of thermoelectric modules market in RoW 144 11.5.2 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 144 11.5.2.1 Oil & gas industry to drive adoption of thermoelectric modules in Middle East 144 12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 145 12.1 OVERVIEW 145 12.2 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN 145 TABLE 139 OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY THERMOELECTRIC MODULE MANUFACTURERS 145 12.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP COMPANIES 146 FIGURE 36 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE PLAYERS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 146 12.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, 2021 146 TABLE 140 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION, 2021 146 12.5 COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT 147 12.5.1 STARS 147 12.5.2 EMERGING LEADERS 147 12.5.3 PERVASIVE COMPANIES 147 12.5.4 PARTICIPANTS 148 FIGURE 37 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021 148 12.6 START-UPS/SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES) EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021 149 TABLE 141 LIST OF START-UPS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 149 12.6.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES 150 12.6.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES 150 12.6.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES 150 12.6.4 STARTING BLOCKS 150 FIGURE 38 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, START-UPS/SMES EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021 151 12.7 COMPANY FOOTPRINT 152 TABLE 142 OVERALL COMPANY FOOTPRINT 152 TABLE 143 COMPANY PRODUCT TYPE FOOTPRINT 153 TABLE 144 COMPANY END-USE APPLICATION FOOTPRINT 154 TABLE 145 COMPANY REGION FOOTPRINT 155 12.8 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO 156 12.8.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES 156 TABLE 146 PRODUCT LAUNCHES, 2019–2022 156 12.8.2 DEALS 156 TABLE 147 DEALS, 2019–2022 156 13 COMPANY PROFILES 158 13.1 KEY PLAYERS 158 (Business overview, Products offered, Recent Developments, MNM view)* 13.1.1 FERROTEC 158 TABLE 148 FERROTEC: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 158 FIGURE 39 FERROTEC: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 159 13.1.2 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS 161 TABLE 149 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 161 13.1.3 II-VI INCORPORATED 164 TABLE 150 II-VI INCORPORATED: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 164 FIGURE 40 II-VI INCORPORATED: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 165 13.1.4 KELK 167 TABLE 151 KELK: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 167 13.1.5 GUANGDONG FUXIN TECHNOLOGY 169 TABLE 152 GUANGDONG FUXIN TECHNOLOGY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 169 13.1.6 TE TECHNOLOGY 171 TABLE 153 TE TECHNOLOGY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 171 13.1.7 TEC MICROSYSTEMS 172 TABLE 154 TEC MICROSYSTEMS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 172 13.1.8 CRYSTAL 174 TABLE 155 CRYSTAL: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 174 13.1.9 KRYOTHERM 176 TABLE 156 KRYOTHERM: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 176 13.1.10 THERMION COMPANY 177 TABLE 157 THERMION COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 177 13.1.11 Z-MAX 178 TABLE 158 Z-MAX: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 178 13.1.12 PHONONIC 179 TABLE 159 PHONONIC: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 179 *Details on Business overview, Products offered, Recent Developments, MNM view might not be captured in case of unlisted companies. 13.2 OTHER KEY PLAYERS 182 13.2.1 ALIGN SOURCING 182 13.2.2 EVERREDTRONICS 183 13.2.3 HITECH TECHNOLOGIES 184 13.2.4 HI-Z TECHNOLOGY 184 13.2.5 HUI MAO 185 13.2.6 INHECO INDUSTRIAL HEATING & COOLING 185 13.2.7 KJLP (SHENZHEN) ELECTRONICS 186 13.2.8 KYOCERA CORPORATION 187 13.2.9 MERIT TECHNOLOGY GROUP 188 13.2.10 P&N TECHNOLOGY 189 13.2.11 THERMONAMIC ELECTRONICS 190 13.2.12 WELLEN TECHNOLOGY 191 13.2.13 XIAMEN HICOOL ELECTRONICS 192 14 ADJACENT & RELATED MARKETS 193 14.1 INTRODUCTION 193 14.2 LIMITATIONS 193 14.3 ENERGY HARVESTING MARKET, BY COMPONENT 193 TABLE 160 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 193 TABLE 161 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 194 14.4 TRANSDUCERS 194 14.4.1 PHOTOVOLTAICS 194 14.4.1.1 Photovoltaic transducers market driven by building automation, consumer electronics, and transportation applications 194 14.4.2 ELECTRODYNAMIC, PIEZOELECTRIC, AND ELECTROMAGNETIC 195 14.4.2.1 Electrodynamics 195 14.4.2.1.1 Electrodynamic systems used in harsh conditions, such as centrifugal acceleration, high axial and radial static displacement, and tilting movement 195 14.4.2.2 Piezoelectric 195 14.4.2.2.1 Piezoelectric energy harvesters used in switches, boots, and other small equipment that provide pressure and strain 195 14.4.2.3 Electromagnetic 196 14.4.2.3.1 Electromagnetic transducers can be installed in rail tracks, bridges, helicopter dampers, and car suspensions 196 14.4.3 THERMOELECTRIC 196 14.4.3.1 Thermoelectric transducers are mainly used for energy harvesting in industries and automobiles 196 14.4.4 RADIOFREQUENCY (RF) TRANSDUCERS 197 14.4.4.1 RF transducers predominantly used in switches, fitness trackers, smartwatches, wireless charging headphones, smart cards, and RFID tags 197 TABLE 162 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TYPE, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 197 TABLE 163 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TYPE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 198 TABLE 164 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 198 TABLE 165 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 199 14.5 POWER MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 199 14.5.1 PMIC PLAYS CRUCIAL ROLE IN MANAGEMENT OF POWER GENERATED THROUGH ENERGY-HARVESTING DEVICES 199 TABLE 166 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR PMICS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2018–2020 (USD THOUSAND) 199 TABLE 167 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR PMICS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2021–2026 (USD THOUSAND) 200 14.6 SECONDARY BATTERIES 200 14.6.1 LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES MAINLY USED AS SECONDARY BATTERIES IN ENERGY-HARVESTING SYSTEMS 200 TABLE 168 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TYPE, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 200 TABLE 169 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TYPE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 201 TABLE 170 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 201 TABLE 171 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 201 15 APPENDIX 203 15.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE 203 15.2 KNOWLEDGE STORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL 207 15.3 AVAILABLE CUSTOMIZATIONS 209 15.4 RELATED REPORTS 209 15.5 AUTHOR DETAILS 210
SummaryThe thermoelectric modules market is expected to grow from USD 693 million in 2022 and is projected to reach USD 1,054 million by 2027; it is expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.8% during the forecast period. Advantages such as compact design of TEMs compared to vapor-compression cooling systems, drives the adoption of TEMs across several end-use application. Additionally, ability of TEMs to produce hot and cold water for different functions adds to its rising adoption in different applications. Furthermore, the rapidly growing market for electric and luxury vehicles is also expected to drive thermoelectric modules market. TEMs are used in electric vehicles to stabilize the temperature of a car’s battery-operated system. Table of Contents1 INTRODUCTION 301.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES 30 1.2 MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE 30 1.2.1 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS 31 1.3 STUDY SCOPE 31 FIGURE 1 SEGMENTATION OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 31 1.3.1 YEARS CONSIDERED 32 1.4 CURRENCY & PRICING 32 1.5 STAKEHOLDERS 32 1.6 SUMMARY OF CHANGES 33 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 34 2.1 RESEARCH DATA 34 FIGURE 2 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 34 2.1.1 SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH 36 2.1.1.1 Key industry insights 37 2.1.2 SECONDARY DATA 37 2.1.2.1 List of key secondary sources 37 2.1.2.2 Key data from secondary sources 38 2.1.3 PRIMARY DATA 38 2.1.3.1 Breakdown of primaries 38 2.1.3.2 Key data from primary sources 39 2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 39 2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 40 2.2.1.1 Approach to arrive at market size using bottom-up analysis (demand side) 40 FIGURE 3 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 40 2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 41 2.2.2.1 Approach for estimating market size using top-down analysis (supply side) 41 FIGURE 4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: TOP-DOWN APPROACH 41 FIGURE 5 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: APPROACH 1 (SUPPLY SIDE) — REVENUE GENERATED BY COMPANIES IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 42 2.3 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION 43 FIGURE 6 DATA TRIANGULATION 43 2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 44 2.5 RISK ASSESSMENT 44 TABLE 1 LIMITATIONS AND ASSOCIATED RISKS 44 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 45 FIGURE 7 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: 2018–2027 (USD MILLION) 45 FIGURE 8 MULTI-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES SEGMENT EXPECTED TO EXPERIENCE FASTER GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD 46 FIGURE 9 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 46 FIGURE 10 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 47 FIGURE 11 APAC ACCOUNTS FOR LARGEST SHARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN 2022 48 4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 49 4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 49 FIGURE 12 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES OFFER MAJOR GROWTH PROSPECTS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 49 4.2 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION 49 FIGURE 13 APAC TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR IN BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES SEGMENT DURING FORECAST PERIOD 49 4.3 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY 50 FIGURE 14 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO LEAD MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD 50 4.4 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN APAC, BY END-USE APPLICATION VS. BY COUNTRY 50 FIGURE 15 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS IS LARGEST APPLICATION OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES IN APAC 50 4.5 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY 51 FIGURE 16 US ACCOUNTS FOR LARGEST SHARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN 2022 51 5 MARKET OVERVIEW 52 5.1 INTRODUCTION 52 5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS 52 FIGURE 17 IMPACT OF DRIVERS AND OPPORTUNITIES ON THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 52 FIGURE 18 IMPACT OF RESTRAINTS AND CHALLENGES ON THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 53 5.2.1 DRIVERS 53 5.2.1.1 Benefits of TEMs over conventional systems 53 5.2.1.2 Simultaneous heating and cooling properties of TEMs driving demand in several applications 53 5.2.1.3 Growth of electric and luxury vehicles increasing demand for TEMs 54 5.2.2 RESTRAINTS 54 5.2.2.1 Inherent disadvantages and design complexities 54 5.2.2.2 High costs compared with traditional heating/cooling systems 54 5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES 55 5.2.3.1 Development of TEMs for new application areas 55 5.2.3.2 Thermoelectric coolers for storage and transport of COVID-19 vaccines 55 5.2.4 CHALLENGES 56 5.2.4.1 Reliability and strength of TEMs 56 5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 56 FIGURE 19 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: R&D AND MANUFACTURING PHASES CONTRIBUTE MAXIMUM VALUE 56 5.4 ECOSYSTEM/MARKET MAP 58 FIGURE 20 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET ECOSYSTEM 58 5.4.1 THERMOELECTRIC MODULE OEMS 58 5.4.2 SUPPLIERS 59 5.4.3 DISTRIBUTORS 59 TABLE 2 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: ECOSYSTEM 59 5.5 PRICING ANALYSIS 60 FIGURE 21 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE FORECAST OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES (2020–2027) 60 TABLE 3 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES, 2020–2027 (USD) 60 5.6 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS’ BUSINESS 61 FIGURE 22 REVENUE SHIFT FOR THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 61 5.7 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS 62 5.7.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES 62 5.7.1.1 Thermoelectric generators 62 5.7.1.2 Thermoelectric heat pumps 62 5.7.2 ADJACENT TECHNOLOGY 62 5.7.2.1 Traditional heat pumps 62 5.8 TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 63 5.8.1 NEW MATERIALS USED FOR MANUFACTURING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 63 5.8.2 MINIATURIZATION OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 63 5.9 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 63 TABLE 4 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 63 5.9.1 DEGREE OF COMPETITION 64 5.9.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 64 5.9.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 64 5.9.4 THREAT FROM SUBSTITUTES 64 5.9.5 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 64 5.10 CASE STUDIES 65 5.10.1 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS USED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR COOLING OPTICAL SENSORS 65 5.10.2 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS USED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR VISION SYSTEMS 65 5.10.3 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS USED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR PRESERVING MEDICAL REAGENTS 65 5.10.4 II-VI MARLOW SHOWCASED THERMOELECTRIC COOLER FOR THERMAL CYCLING 65 5.10.5 II-VI MARLOW SHOWCASED THERMOELECTRIC MODULES FOR ENERGY HARVESTING 65 5.10.6 CRYSTAL DEVELOPED PROTOTYPE FOR LABORATORY RESEARCH EQUIPMENT 65 5.10.7 MAHLE TESTING THERMOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS 66 5.10.8 PHONONIC LEVERAGED THERMOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY TO DEVELOP CPU COOLER 66 5.10.9 PHONONIC PROVIDED SOLID-STATE REFRIGERATION SOLUTIONS USING THERMOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY 66 5.10.10 PHONONIC OFFERED THERMOELECTRIC FREEZERS TO CONVENIENCE STORES 66 5.11 TRADE ANALYSIS 66 5.11.1 TRADE DATA 66 FIGURE 23 IMPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 8418, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 67 FIGURE 24 EXPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 8418, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 67 5.12 PATENT ANALYSIS 68 FIGURE 25 NUMBER OF PATENTS GRANTED PER YEAR, 2012–2021 68 FIGURE 26 TOP 10 COMPANIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS IN LAST 10 YEARS 68 TABLE 5 TOP 20 PATENT OWNERS IN LAST 10 YEARS 69 TABLE 6 LIST OF A FEW PATENTS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, 2018–2021 69 5.13 TARIFFS AND REGULATIONS 74 5.13.1 TARIFFS RELATED TO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 74 5.13.2 REGULATIONS 74 5.13.2.1 Europe 74 5.13.2.1.1 RoHS 74 5.13.2.2 US 74 5.13.2.2.1 Telcordia GR-468 74 5.13.2.2.2 ITAR 75 5.13.3 GLOBAL 75 5.13.3.1 Space qualifications 75 6 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY MODEL 76 6.1 INTRODUCTION 77 FIGURE 27 MULTI-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO REGISTER HIGHER CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 77 TABLE 7 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY MODEL, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 77 TABLE 8 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY MODEL, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 77 6.2 SINGLE-STAGE 78 6.2.1 SINGLE-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HAVE ONLY ONE STAGE OR LAYER TO ACHIEVE STANDARD TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES 78 6.3 MULTI-STAGE 78 6.3.1 MULTI-STAGE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HAVE HIGH-TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIALS BETWEEN HOT AND COLD SIDES OF MODULES 78 7 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE 79 7.1 INTRODUCTION 80 FIGURE 28 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 80 TABLE 9 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 80 TABLE 10 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 80 TABLE 11 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2021–2027 (MILLION UNITS) 81 7.2 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 81 7.2.1 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HAVE HIGHER POWER OUTPUT AND VOLTAGE COMPARED TO OTHER MODULES 81 TABLE 12 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 82 TABLE 13 BULK THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 82 7.3 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 82 7.3.1 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES HELP IN REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRIC DEVICES 82 TABLE 14 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 83 TABLE 15 MICRO THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 83 7.4 THIN-FILM THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 83 7.4.1 THESE MODULES PRODUCE MAXIMUM HEAT FLUX 83 TABLE 16 THIN-FILM THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 84 TABLE 17 THIN-FILM THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 84 8 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY 85 8.1 INTRODUCTION 86 FIGURE 29 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES TO LEAD MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD 86 TABLE 18 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 86 TABLE 19 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 86 8.2 GENERAL-PURPOSE 87 8.2.1 TELECOMMUNICATIONS TO REMAIN LARGEST APPLICATION OF GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 87 TABLE 20 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 87 TABLE 21 GENERAL-PURPOSE THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 88 8.3 DEEP COOLING 88 8.3.1 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS TO REMAIN LARGEST END USER OF DEEP COOLING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES 88 TABLE 22 DEEP COOLING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 88 TABLE 23 DEEP COOLING THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 89 9 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY OFFERING 90 9.1 INTRODUCTION 91 FIGURE 30 HARDWARE COMPONENT TO HOLD LARGER SHARE OF MARKET THROUGHOUT FORECAST PERIOD 91 TABLE 24 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 91 TABLE 25 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 91 9.2 HARDWARE 92 9.2.1 HARDWARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES INCLUDES VARIOUS ELEMENTS AND COMPONENTS THAT WORK AS A UNIT 92 9.3 SERVICES 92 9.3.1 SERVICES INCLUDE PROTOTYPING, DESIGNING, ENGINEERING, TESTING, AND COMPLIANCE 92 10 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION 93 10.1 INTRODUCTION 94 FIGURE 31 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION DURING FORECAST PERIOD 94 TABLE 26 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 94 TABLE 27 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 95 10.2 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 96 10.2.1 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS HELD LARGEST SHARE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 96 TABLE 28 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 97 TABLE 29 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 97 TABLE 30 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 97 TABLE 31 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 98 TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS , BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 98 TABLE 33 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 98 TABLE 34 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 99 TABLE 35 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 99 TABLE 36 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 99 TABLE 37 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 100 TABLE 38 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 100 TABLE 39 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 100 10.3 INDUSTRIAL 101 10.3.1 USE OF THERMOELECTRIC MODULES IN FOOD & BEVERAGES INDUSTRY DRIVING OVERALL MARKET 101 TABLE 40 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 101 TABLE 41 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 101 TABLE 42 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 102 TABLE 43 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 102 TABLE 44 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 102 TABLE 45 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 103 TABLE 46 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 103 TABLE 47 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 103 TABLE 48 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 104 TABLE 49 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 104 TABLE 50 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 104 TABLE 51 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 105 10.4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 105 10.4.1 APAC TO ACCOUNT FOR LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPLICATION DURING FORECAST PERIOD 105 TABLE 52 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 105 TABLE 53 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 106 TABLE 54 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 106 TABLE 55 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 106 TABLE 56 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 107 TABLE 57 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 107 TABLE 58 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 107 TABLE 59 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 108 TABLE 60 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 108 TABLE 61 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 108 TABLE 62 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 109 TABLE 63 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 109 10.5 AUTOMOTIVE 109 10.5.1 MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 109 TABLE 64 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 110 TABLE 65 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 110 TABLE 66 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 110 TABLE 67 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 111 TABLE 68 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 111 TABLE 69 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 111 TABLE 70 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 112 TABLE 71 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 112 TABLE 72 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 112 TABLE 73 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 113 TABLE 74 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 113 TABLE 75 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 113 10.6 MEDICAL & LABORATORIES 114 10.6.1 NEED FOR TEMPERATURE STABILIZATION BOOSTING DEMAND FOR THERMOELECTRIC MODULES IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES 114 TABLE 76 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 114 TABLE 77 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 114 TABLE 78 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 115 TABLE 79 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 115 TABLE 80 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 115 TABLE 81 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 116 TABLE 82 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 116 TABLE 83 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 116 TABLE 84 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 117 TABLE 85 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 117 TABLE 86 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 117 TABLE 87 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN MEDICAL & LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 118 10.7 AEROSPACE & DEFENSE 118 10.7.1 MARLOW AND RMT ARE AMONG KEY COMPANIES CATERING TO DEMAND IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE APPLICATION 118 TABLE 88 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 118 TABLE 89 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 119 TABLE 90 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 119 TABLE 91 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 119 TABLE 92 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 120 TABLE 93 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 120 TABLE 94 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 120 TABLE 95 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 121 TABLE 96 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 121 TABLE 97 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 121 TABLE 98 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 122 TABLE 99 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN AEROSPACE & DEFENSE, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 122 10.8 OIL & GAS AND MINING 122 10.8.1 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES USED IN GAS ANALYZERS, METERING EQUIPMENT, AND REMOTE TELEMETRY UNITS 122 TABLE 100 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 122 TABLE 101 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY FUNCTIONALITY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 123 TABLE 102 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 123 TABLE 103 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 123 TABLE 104 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 124 TABLE 105 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 124 TABLE 106 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 124 TABLE 107 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 125 TABLE 108 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 125 TABLE 109 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 125 TABLE 110 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 126 TABLE 111 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN OIL & GAS AND MINING, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 126 11 GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS 127 11.1 INTRODUCTION 128 FIGURE 32 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET IN APAC TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD 128 TABLE 112 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 128 TABLE 113 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 129 TABLE 114 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2027 (MILLION UNITS) 129 11.2 NORTH AMERICA 130 FIGURE 33 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET SNAPSHOT 130 TABLE 115 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 131 TABLE 116 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 131 TABLE 117 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 131 TABLE 118 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 132 TABLE 119 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 132 TABLE 120 NORTH AMERICA: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 132 11.2.1 US 133 11.2.1.1 Industrial clusters using thermoelectric modules to improve efficiency and provide clean energy 133 11.2.2 CANADA 133 11.2.2.1 Industrial and automotive applications driving growth of thermoelectric modules market in Canada 133 11.2.3 MEXICO 133 11.2.3.1 Growing automotive and industrial applications driving thermoelectric modules 133 11.3 EUROPE 134 FIGURE 34 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET SNAPSHOT 134 TABLE 121 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 135 TABLE 122 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 135 TABLE 123 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 135 TABLE 124 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 136 TABLE 125 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 136 TABLE 126 EUROPE: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 136 11.3.1 GERMANY 137 11.3.1.1 Germany estimated to hold largest share of thermoelectric modules market in Europe 137 11.3.2 UK 137 11.3.2.1 Growing industrial and automotive sectors to drive market in UK 137 11.3.3 FRANCE 137 11.3.3.1 Government incentives to reduce emissions to boost market growth in France 137 11.3.4 ITALY 137 11.3.4.1 Presence of luxury and high-performance automotive manufacturers to drive market in Italy 137 11.3.5 REST OF EUROPE 138 11.4 ASIA PACIFIC 138 FIGURE 35 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET SNAPSHOT 138 TABLE 127 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 139 TABLE 128 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 139 TABLE 129 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET , BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 139 TABLE 130 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET , BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 140 TABLE 131 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 140 TABLE 132 APAC: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 140 11.4.1 CHINA 141 11.4.1.1 China to hold largest share of thermoelectric modules market in APAC during forecast period 141 11.4.2 JAPAN 141 11.4.2.1 Consumer electronics market driving growth of thermoelectric modules in Japan 141 11.4.3 SOUTH KOREA 141 11.4.3.1 Thermoelectric modules market in South Korea dominated by telecommunications and automotive applications 141 11.4.4 REST OF APAC 141 11.5 ROW 142 TABLE 133 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 142 TABLE 134 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 142 TABLE 135 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 143 TABLE 136 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 143 TABLE 137 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION) 143 TABLE 138 ROW: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 143 11.5.1 SOUTH AMERICA 144 11.5.1.1 South America to hold larger share of thermoelectric modules market in RoW 144 11.5.2 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 144 11.5.2.1 Oil & gas industry to drive adoption of thermoelectric modules in Middle East 144 12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 145 12.1 OVERVIEW 145 12.2 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN 145 TABLE 139 OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY THERMOELECTRIC MODULE MANUFACTURERS 145 12.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP COMPANIES 146 FIGURE 36 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE PLAYERS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 146 12.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS: THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, 2021 146 TABLE 140 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION, 2021 146 12.5 COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT 147 12.5.1 STARS 147 12.5.2 EMERGING LEADERS 147 12.5.3 PERVASIVE COMPANIES 147 12.5.4 PARTICIPANTS 148 FIGURE 37 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021 148 12.6 START-UPS/SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES) EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021 149 TABLE 141 LIST OF START-UPS IN THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET 149 12.6.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES 150 12.6.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES 150 12.6.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES 150 12.6.4 STARTING BLOCKS 150 FIGURE 38 THERMOELECTRIC MODULES MARKET, START-UPS/SMES EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021 151 12.7 COMPANY FOOTPRINT 152 TABLE 142 OVERALL COMPANY FOOTPRINT 152 TABLE 143 COMPANY PRODUCT TYPE FOOTPRINT 153 TABLE 144 COMPANY END-USE APPLICATION FOOTPRINT 154 TABLE 145 COMPANY REGION FOOTPRINT 155 12.8 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO 156 12.8.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES 156 TABLE 146 PRODUCT LAUNCHES, 2019–2022 156 12.8.2 DEALS 156 TABLE 147 DEALS, 2019–2022 156 13 COMPANY PROFILES 158 13.1 KEY PLAYERS 158 (Business overview, Products offered, Recent Developments, MNM view)* 13.1.1 FERROTEC 158 TABLE 148 FERROTEC: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 158 FIGURE 39 FERROTEC: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 159 13.1.2 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS 161 TABLE 149 LAIRD THERMAL SYSTEMS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 161 13.1.3 II-VI INCORPORATED 164 TABLE 150 II-VI INCORPORATED: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 164 FIGURE 40 II-VI INCORPORATED: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 165 13.1.4 KELK 167 TABLE 151 KELK: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 167 13.1.5 GUANGDONG FUXIN TECHNOLOGY 169 TABLE 152 GUANGDONG FUXIN TECHNOLOGY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 169 13.1.6 TE TECHNOLOGY 171 TABLE 153 TE TECHNOLOGY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 171 13.1.7 TEC MICROSYSTEMS 172 TABLE 154 TEC MICROSYSTEMS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 172 13.1.8 CRYSTAL 174 TABLE 155 CRYSTAL: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 174 13.1.9 KRYOTHERM 176 TABLE 156 KRYOTHERM: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 176 13.1.10 THERMION COMPANY 177 TABLE 157 THERMION COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 177 13.1.11 Z-MAX 178 TABLE 158 Z-MAX: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 178 13.1.12 PHONONIC 179 TABLE 159 PHONONIC: BUSINESS OVERVIEW 179 *Details on Business overview, Products offered, Recent Developments, MNM view might not be captured in case of unlisted companies. 13.2 OTHER KEY PLAYERS 182 13.2.1 ALIGN SOURCING 182 13.2.2 EVERREDTRONICS 183 13.2.3 HITECH TECHNOLOGIES 184 13.2.4 HI-Z TECHNOLOGY 184 13.2.5 HUI MAO 185 13.2.6 INHECO INDUSTRIAL HEATING & COOLING 185 13.2.7 KJLP (SHENZHEN) ELECTRONICS 186 13.2.8 KYOCERA CORPORATION 187 13.2.9 MERIT TECHNOLOGY GROUP 188 13.2.10 P&N TECHNOLOGY 189 13.2.11 THERMONAMIC ELECTRONICS 190 13.2.12 WELLEN TECHNOLOGY 191 13.2.13 XIAMEN HICOOL ELECTRONICS 192 14 ADJACENT & RELATED MARKETS 193 14.1 INTRODUCTION 193 14.2 LIMITATIONS 193 14.3 ENERGY HARVESTING MARKET, BY COMPONENT 193 TABLE 160 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 193 TABLE 161 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 194 14.4 TRANSDUCERS 194 14.4.1 PHOTOVOLTAICS 194 14.4.1.1 Photovoltaic transducers market driven by building automation, consumer electronics, and transportation applications 194 14.4.2 ELECTRODYNAMIC, PIEZOELECTRIC, AND ELECTROMAGNETIC 195 14.4.2.1 Electrodynamics 195 14.4.2.1.1 Electrodynamic systems used in harsh conditions, such as centrifugal acceleration, high axial and radial static displacement, and tilting movement 195 14.4.2.2 Piezoelectric 195 14.4.2.2.1 Piezoelectric energy harvesters used in switches, boots, and other small equipment that provide pressure and strain 195 14.4.2.3 Electromagnetic 196 14.4.2.3.1 Electromagnetic transducers can be installed in rail tracks, bridges, helicopter dampers, and car suspensions 196 14.4.3 THERMOELECTRIC 196 14.4.3.1 Thermoelectric transducers are mainly used for energy harvesting in industries and automobiles 196 14.4.4 RADIOFREQUENCY (RF) TRANSDUCERS 197 14.4.4.1 RF transducers predominantly used in switches, fitness trackers, smartwatches, wireless charging headphones, smart cards, and RFID tags 197 TABLE 162 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TYPE, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 197 TABLE 163 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TYPE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 198 TABLE 164 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 198 TABLE 165 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR TRANSDUCERS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 199 14.5 POWER MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 199 14.5.1 PMIC PLAYS CRUCIAL ROLE IN MANAGEMENT OF POWER GENERATED THROUGH ENERGY-HARVESTING DEVICES 199 TABLE 166 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR PMICS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2018–2020 (USD THOUSAND) 199 TABLE 167 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR PMICS, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2021–2026 (USD THOUSAND) 200 14.6 SECONDARY BATTERIES 200 14.6.1 LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES MAINLY USED AS SECONDARY BATTERIES IN ENERGY-HARVESTING SYSTEMS 200 TABLE 168 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TYPE, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 200 TABLE 169 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TYPE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 201 TABLE 170 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2018–2020 (USD MILLION) 201 TABLE 171 ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM MARKET FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES, BY TECHNOLOGY, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION) 201 15 APPENDIX 203 15.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE 203 15.2 KNOWLEDGE STORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL 207 15.3 AVAILABLE CUSTOMIZATIONS 209 15.4 RELATED REPORTS 209 15.5 AUTHOR DETAILS 210
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