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Battery Markets in Construction, Agriculture & Mining Machines 2024-2034建設・農業・鉱山機械のバッテリー市場 2024-2034 この調査レポートは、2024-2034年の建設・農業・鉱山機械のバッテリー市場について詳細に調査・分析しています。 主な掲載内容（目次より抜粋） 電動カム装置の紹介 ... もっと見る
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Summary
この調査レポートは、2024-2034年の建設・農業・鉱山機械のバッテリー市場について詳細に調査・分析しています。
主な掲載内容（目次より抜粋）
Report Summary
Electrification in the construction, agriculture, and mining (CAM) industries is growing. The construction industry now has many production electric machines, with agriculture and mining soon to follow. With this growth in electrification comes a new market opportunity for cell manufacturers and battery pack makers. In total, this report finds that battery demand across all CAM industries is expected to reach 53.6 GWh in 2034. This equates to an industry valued at US$7.8 billion in 2034, representing a 10-year CAGR of 27.1%.
Electrifying CAM machines requires a wide range of battery sizes, from 10kWh to 2MWh, and a wide range of performance, safety and longevity requirements. Traditionally, the priority in battery development has been increasing gravimetric and volumetric densities, allowing auto-makers to build EVs with longer range, or physically smaller and lighter battery packs. The size and weight of most CAM machines means energy density is not a concern. Lots of existing diesel machines even utilize concrete ballast for balance and stability. Hence the priorities and needs of EV CAM machines are more focused on cost, safety, and longevity. This report takes a close look at the battery requirements that CAM machines have and how the existing and upcoming battery technologies can meet those demands.
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Electric CAM Equipment Battery Sizes. Source: IDTechEx
NMC/LFP Across the CAM Market
The global battery market is currently dominated by NMC (nickel manganese cobalt) and LFP (lithium ferrous phosphate) cathodes with lithium as the charge carrier and a graphite anode. This is no different in the CAM markets. The products from turnkey battery pack manufacturers like Forsee, Accelera, and CATL are dominated by NMC and LFP options. These technologies offer pack level energy densities in the range of 100-200Wh/kg, volumetric energy densities in the 300-400Wh/L range, and enough cycle life to meet many applications.
"Battery Markets in Construction, Agriculture & Mining Machines 2024-2034" finds that LFP and NMC are used throughout the CAM markets. The report also finds that there are trends which impact whether a machine is more likely to use LFP or NMC. Although both chemistries offer very good energy density, the extra volumetric density of NMC means that it can make physically smaller packs, which can be easier to integrate in smaller machines, such as 2-tonne excavators. LFP on the other hand is typically less dense, but cheaper than NMC. This makes it a more common choice for larger machines, where the additional weight and volume can be tolerated and the cost savings are appreciated. In addition to energy density and cost pressures, the choice of LFP or NMC might also be impacted be geography, with some regions having better availability than others.
In addition to LFP and NMC, there are many other technologies coming to the battery market over the next few years. In this report IDTechEx analyzes the benefits and drawbacks of eight additional battery chemistries, and aligns their performance attributes and drawbacks with the needs of 15 vehicle types across the CAM markets.
LTO and Haul Trucks
Lithium titanate (LTO) is an alternative anode technology, replacing the graphite but keeping either an NMC or LFP cathode. LTO doesn't have as high energy density as cells with a graphite anode, however, it is a very stable and robust chemistry. It can provide very high cycle life and supports very quick re-charging. Its lack of energy density means that it is not compatible with all EV CAM machines, but those that can manage the lack of density stand to benefit from its significant charging and longevity advantages.
Haul trucks are a prime example of a machine that could leverage the advantages of an LTO battery. Haul trucks need to operate for 20 hours per day, with very little downtime. Combined with a life expectancy of more than ten years, and subsequently a requirement of more than 12,000 cycles, haul trucks are a tough vehicle to electrify. However, LTO could help. LTO batteries can be charged in as little as three minutes, minimizing downtime. Longevity is also not an issue, with pack manufacturers like ABB estimating that their packs will last 40,000 cycles before end of life.
Silicon Anode Cells and Agriculture
Adding silicon to the graphite anode is one way in which battery companies are looking to increase the energy density of cells. Silicon stores lithium through an alloying reaction, which gives it the potential for very high energy density, but also creates challenges around longevity. As the silicon becomes lithiated it swells, and over time the repeated swelling caused by charge and discharge cycles causes the anode to deteriorate. Current examples of advanced silicon cells (with 10-50% silicon by weight) struggle to exceed cycle lives of more than 1,000 cycles. For many CAM applications this is simply insufficient. The machines could need multiple replacements over their lifetimes making the total cost of ownership too high.
However, silicon anodes could have a place within agriculture. Some large farming machines only see the fields for a few weeks each year, meaning even over a 10-20 year lifespan they will require far fewer charge and discharge cycles than say an excavator. Additionally, operating over rough/muddy terrain, pulling heavy equipment through the field is energetic work. This report finds that electric tractors need approximately 50% more energy than equivalently sized machines in construction and mining, making the additional energy density of silicon anode technologies potentially very valuable.
This IDTechEx report examines a database of over 200 electric machines from the CAM sectors, combined with nearly 200 products from turnkey battery pack suppliers. It considers the individual needs of 15 different machine types, and the merits of ten battery technologies, including; NMC, LFP, LTO, sodium-ion, solid-state batteries, silicon anode batteries, lithium-metal batteries, and more. These combine to give recommendations for the best battery fit for each of the machines across construction, agriculture and mining industries. The report concludes with forecasts for the growth of these technologies within the CAM market, evaluating the market size and distribution over the next 10 years.
Key aspects
This report provides critical market intelligence on battery markets for construction, agriculture, and mining. This includes:
Table of Contents
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