世界各国のリアルタイムなデータ・インテリジェンスで皆様をお手伝い

単純ヘルペスウイルス治療市場世界の産業動向、シェア、サイズ、成長、機会、2023-2028年予測


Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2023-2028

単純ヘルペスウイルス治療の世界市場規模は、2022年に25億米ドルに達しました。今後、IMARC Groupは、2023年から2028年の間に5.2%の成長率（CAGR）を示し、2028年までに34億米ドルに達すると予測しています。 ... もっと見る

　

　

出版社 出版年月 電子版価格 ページ数 言語
IMARC Services Private Limited.
アイマークサービス 		2023年3月18日 US$2,499
シングルユーザライセンス
ライセンス・価格情報
注文方法はこちら 		145 英語

　

サマリー

単純ヘルペスウイルス治療の世界市場規模は、2022年に25億米ドルに達しました。今後、IMARC Groupは、2023年から2028年の間に5.2%の成長率（CAGR）を示し、2028年までに34億米ドルに達すると予測しています。

単純ヘルペスウイルス（HSV）は、唾液、精液、膣分泌物を通じて感染し、痛みを伴う水疱や潰瘍を引き起こす伝染性の感染症である。一般的には、身体検査、体液採取、血液検査によって診断されます。現在のところ、ファムシクロビル、アシクロビル、バラシクロビルなどの抗ウイルス薬が、患者さんにとって最も効果的な治療法となっています。これらの薬剤は、経口または静脈内投与により、症状の緩和、集団感染の頻度と重症度の低減、ウイルスの感染防止に役立ちます。

単純ヘルペスウイルス治療薬の市場動向：
HSVは、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス（HIV）感染症の発症・感染リスクを高めるとともに、長期・慢性疾患のある人では、脳炎や角膜炎などの深刻な合併症を引き起こす可能性があります。このことは、慢性疾患を持つ人々の割合が増加していることと相まって、全世界でHSV治療の必要性を高めている重要な要因の一つとなっています。さらに、新生児ヘルペスは、出産時に乳児が生殖器内のHSVに感染することで発症する可能性のある重篤な疾患である。新生児ヘルペスは、乳児に永続的な神経学的障害や死亡を引き起こす可能性があるため、出生率の上昇が市場にプラスの影響を与えています。これとは別に、HSV感染の再活性化は一般的に骨髄および固形臓器移植の初期数ヶ月間に起こるため、臓器移植を受ける人の数が増加していることが市場の成長に貢献しています。これに伴い、研究者は口唇ヘルペスや性器ヘルペスの治療選択肢を広げるため、新しい抗ウイルス薬の開発に注力しています。また、HSVの灼熱感、かゆみ、ヒリヒリ感を和らげ、患者のQOLを向上させ、感染者によるウイルス拡散を防ぐ抗ウイルスクリームや軟膏を発表しています。

主要な市場セグメンテーション
IMARC Groupは、世界の単純ヘルペスウイルス治療市場レポートの各サブセグメントにおける主要動向の分析、および2023年から2028年までの世界、地域、国レベルでの予測を提供します。当レポートでは、市場をタイプ、薬剤タイプ、投与経路、流通チャネルに基づいて分類しています。

タイプ別構成比：

ヘルペス・シンプルズ・ウィルス-1感染症
単純ヘルペスウイルス-2感染症
その他

薬剤の種類別構成比：

アシクロビル
バラシクロビル
ファムシクロビル
その他

投与経路別構成比：

オーラル
インジェクタブル
トピカル

流通チャネル別構成比：

ホスピタルファーマシー
ドラッグストア
小売店
オンラインファーマシー

地域別構成比：

北アメリカ
ユーエスエー
カナダ
アジア太平洋
中国
日本
インド
南朝鮮
オーストラリア
インドネシア
その他
ヨーロッパ
ドイツ
フランス
イギリス
イタリア
スペイン
ロシア
その他
ラテンアメリカ
ブラジル
メキシコ
その他
中近東・アフリカ

競争環境：
業界の競争環境は、主要企業のプロフィールとともに検討されています。Agenus Inc.、Apotex Inc.、Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc.、Carlsbad Tech、EPI Health LLC、F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd、Fresenius SE & Co.KGaA、GlaxoSmithKline plc、Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited、Merck & Co.Inc.、Novartis AG、Sanofi S.A.、Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.、Viatris Inc.

本レポートで回答した主な質問
単純ヘルペスウイルス治療の世界市場はこれまでどのように推移し、今後数年間はどのように推移するのか？
COVID-19が世界の単純ヘルペスウイルス治療薬市場に与えた影響は？
主要な地域市場とは？
タイプに基づく市場の内訳は？
薬剤の種類に基づく市場の内訳は？
投与経路に基づく市場のブレークアップは？
販売チャネルに基づく市場の内訳は？
業界のバリューチェーンにおける様々なステージは何か？
業界における主要な推進要因と課題は何か？
単純ヘルペスウイルス治療の世界市場の構造と主要プレイヤーは？
業界における競争の度合いはどの程度か？

ページTOPに戻る


目次

1 Preface
2 Scope and Methodology
2.1 Objectives of the Study
2.2 Stakeholders
2.3 Data Sources
2.3.1 Primary Sources
2.3.2 Secondary Sources
2.4 Market Estimation
2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
2.5 Forecasting Methodology
3 Executive Summary
4 Introduction
4.1 Overview
4.2 Key Industry Trends
5 Global Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market
5.1 Market Overview
5.2 Market Performance
5.3 Impact of COVID-19
5.4 Market Forecast
6 Market Breakup by Type
6.1 Herpes Simples Virus-1 Infection
6.1.1 Market Trends
6.1.2 Market Forecast
6.2 Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection
6.2.1 Market Trends
6.2.2 Market Forecast
6.3 Others
6.3.1 Market Trends
6.3.2 Market Forecast
7 Market Breakup by Drug Type
7.1 Acyclovir
7.1.1 Market Trends
7.1.2 Market Forecast
7.2 Valacyclovir
7.2.1 Market Trends
7.2.2 Market Forecast
7.3 Famciclovir
7.3.1 Market Trends
7.3.2 Market Forecast
7.4 Others
7.4.1 Market Trends
7.4.2 Market Forecast
8 Market Breakup by Route of Administration
8.1 Oral
8.1.1 Market Trends
8.1.2 Market Forecast
8.2 Injectable
8.2.1 Market Trends
8.2.2 Market Forecast
8.3 Topical
8.3.1 Market Trends
8.3.2 Market Forecast
9 Market Breakup by Distribution Channel
9.1 Hospital Pharmacy
9.1.1 Market Trends
9.1.2 Market Forecast
9.2 Drug Stores
9.2.1 Market Trends
9.2.2 Market Forecast
9.3 Retail Stores
9.3.1 Market Trends
9.3.2 Market Forecast
9.4 Online Pharmacy
9.4.1 Market Trends
9.4.2 Market Forecast
10 Market Breakup by Region
10.1 North America
10.1.1 United States
10.1.1.1 Market Trends
10.1.1.2 Market Forecast
10.1.2 Canada
10.1.2.1 Market Trends
10.1.2.2 Market Forecast
10.2 Asia-Pacific
10.2.1 China
10.2.1.1 Market Trends
10.2.1.2 Market Forecast
10.2.2 Japan
10.2.2.1 Market Trends
10.2.2.2 Market Forecast
10.2.3 India
10.2.3.1 Market Trends
10.2.3.2 Market Forecast
10.2.4 South Korea
10.2.4.1 Market Trends
10.2.4.2 Market Forecast
10.2.5 Australia
10.2.5.1 Market Trends
10.2.5.2 Market Forecast
10.2.6 Indonesia
10.2.6.1 Market Trends
10.2.6.2 Market Forecast
10.2.7 Others
10.2.7.1 Market Trends
10.2.7.2 Market Forecast
10.3 Europe
10.3.1 Germany
10.3.1.1 Market Trends
10.3.1.2 Market Forecast
10.3.2 France
10.3.2.1 Market Trends
10.3.2.2 Market Forecast
10.3.3 United Kingdom
10.3.3.1 Market Trends
10.3.3.2 Market Forecast
10.3.4 Italy
10.3.4.1 Market Trends
10.3.4.2 Market Forecast
10.3.5 Spain
10.3.5.1 Market Trends
10.3.5.2 Market Forecast
10.3.6 Russia
10.3.6.1 Market Trends
10.3.6.2 Market Forecast
10.3.7 Others
10.3.7.1 Market Trends
10.3.7.2 Market Forecast
10.4 Latin America
10.4.1 Brazil
10.4.1.1 Market Trends
10.4.1.2 Market Forecast
10.4.2 Mexico
10.4.2.1 Market Trends
10.4.2.2 Market Forecast
10.4.3 Others
10.4.3.1 Market Trends
10.4.3.2 Market Forecast
10.5 Middle East and Africa
10.5.1 Market Trends
10.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
10.5.3 Market Forecast
11 SWOT Analysis
11.1 Overview
11.2 Strengths
11.3 Weaknesses
11.4 Opportunities
11.5 Threats
12 Value Chain Analysis
13 Porters Five Forces Analysis
13.1 Overview
13.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
13.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
13.4 Degree of Competition
13.5 Threat of New Entrants
13.6 Threat of Substitutes
14 Price Analysis
15 Competitive Landscape
15.1 Market Structure
15.2 Key Players
15.3 Profiles of Key Players
15.3.1 Agenus Inc.
15.3.1.1 Company Overview
15.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.1.3 Financials
15.3.1.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.2 Apotex Inc.
15.3.2.1 Company Overview
15.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.2.3 SWOT Analysis
15.3.3 Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc.
15.3.3.1 Company Overview
15.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.4 Carlsbad Tech
15.3.4.1 Company Overview
15.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.5 EPI Health LLC
15.3.5.1 Company Overview
15.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.6 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd
15.3.6.1 Company Overview
15.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.6.3 Financials
15.3.7 Fresenius SE & Co. KGaA
15.3.7.1 Company Overview
15.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.7.3 Financials
15.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.8 GlaxoSmithKline plc
15.3.8.1 Company Overview
15.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.8.3 Financials
15.3.8.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.9 Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited
15.3.9.1 Company Overview
15.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.9.3 Financials
15.3.9.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.10 Merck & Co. Inc.
15.3.10.1 Company Overview
15.3.10.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.10.3 Financials
15.3.10.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.11 Novartis AG
15.3.11.1 Company Overview
15.3.11.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.11.3 Financials
15.3.11.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.12 Sanofi S.A.
15.3.12.1 Company Overview
15.3.12.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.12.3 Financials
15.3.12.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.13 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
15.3.13.1 Company Overview
15.3.13.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.13.3 Financials
15.3.13.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.14 Viatris Inc.
15.3.14.1 Company Overview
15.3.14.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.14.3 Financials

List of Figures

Figure 1: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
Figure 2: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2017-2022
Figure 3: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2023-2028
Figure 4: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Type (in %), 2022
Figure 5: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Drug Type (in %), 2022
Figure 6: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Route of Administration (in %), 2022
Figure 7: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Distribution Channel (in %), 2022
Figure 8: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2022
Figure 9: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simples Virus-1 Infection) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 10: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simples Virus-1 Infection) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 11: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 12: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 13: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Types) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 14: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Types) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 15: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Acyclovir) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 16: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Acyclovir) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 17: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Valacyclovir) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 18: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Valacyclovir) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 19: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Famciclovir) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 20: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Famciclovir) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 21: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Drug Types) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 22: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Drug Types) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 23: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Oral) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 24: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Oral) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 25: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Injectable) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 26: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Injectable) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 27: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Topical) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 28: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Topical) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 29: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Hospital Pharmacy) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 30: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Hospital Pharmacy) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 31: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Drug Stores) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 32: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Drug Stores) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 33: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Retail Stores) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 34: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Retail Stores) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 35: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Online Pharmacy) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 36: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Online Pharmacy) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 37: North America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 38: North America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 39: United States: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 40: United States: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 41: Canada: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 42: Canada: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 43: Asia-Pacific: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 44: Asia-Pacific: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 45: China: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 46: China: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 47: Japan: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 48: Japan: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 49: India: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 50: India: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 51: South Korea: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 52: South Korea: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 53: Australia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 54: Australia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 55: Indonesia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 56: Indonesia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 57: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 58: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 59: Europe: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 60: Europe: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 61: Germany: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 62: Germany: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 63: France: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 64: France: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 65: United Kingdom: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 66: United Kingdom: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 67: Italy: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 68: Italy: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 69: Spain: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 70: Spain: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 71: Russia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 72: Russia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 73: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 74: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 75: Latin America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 76: Latin America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 77: Brazil: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 78: Brazil: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 79: Mexico: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 80: Mexico: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 81: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 82: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 83: Middle East and Africa: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 84: Middle East and Africa: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2022
Figure 85: Middle East and Africa: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 86: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Industry: SWOT Analysis
Figure 87: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Industry: Value Chain Analysis
Figure 88: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

Table 1: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2022 and 2028
Table 2: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 3: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Drug Type (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 4: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Route of Administration (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 5: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Distribution Channel (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 6: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 7: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Competitive Structure
Table 8: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Key Players

　

ページTOPに戻る


　

Summary

The global herpes simplex virus treatment market size reached US$ 2.5 Billion in 2022. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 3.4 Billion by 2028, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 5.2% during 2023-2028.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a contagious infection that can spread through saliva, semen, and vaginal secretions and cause painful blisters or ulcers. It is generally diagnosed through physical examinations, fluid sampling, and blood tests. At present, antiviral medications, such as famciclovir, acyclovir, and valacyclovir, are the most effective treatment options available for patients. These medications can be administered through oral or intravenous (IV) routes to help relieve symptoms, reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks, and prevent the transmission of the virus.

Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Trends:
HSV increases the risk of acquiring and transmitting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and can also lead to serious complications like encephalitis and keratitis in people with long-term or chronic illnesses. This, in confluence with the growing percentage of people with chronic diseases, represents one of the significant factors driving the need for HSV treatment across the globe. Moreover, neonatal herpes is a serious condition that can occur when an infant is exposed to HSV in the genital tract during delivery. As neonatal herpes can cause lasting neurologic disability or death in infants, the rising birth rates are influencing the market positively. Apart from this, as reactivation of HSV infection generally occurs during the initial months of bone marrow and solid-organ transplants, the increasing number of people undergoing organ transplantation is contributing to the market growth. In line with this, researchers are focusing on developing new antiviral medications to expand the treatment options for orolabial and genital herpes. In addition, they are introducing antiviral cream or ointment that can relieve burning, itching, or tingling sensations of HSV, improve the quality of life of patients, and prevent infected people from spreading the virus.

Key Market Segmentation:
IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global herpes simplex virus treatment market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2023-2028. Our report has categorized the market based on type, drug type, route of administration and distribution channel.

Breakup by Type:

Herpes Simples Virus-1 Infection
Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection
Others

Breakup by Drug Type:

Acyclovir
Valacyclovir
Famciclovir
Others

Breakup by Route of Administration:

Oral
Injectable
Topical

Breakup by Distribution Channel:

Hospital Pharmacy
Drug Stores
Retail Stores
Online Pharmacy

Breakup by Region:

North America
United States
Canada
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Australia
Indonesia
Others
Europe
Germany
France
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
Russia
Others
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
Others
Middle East and Africa

Competitive Landscape:
The competitive landscape of the industry has also been examined along with the profiles of the key players being Agenus Inc., Apotex Inc., Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad Tech, EPI Health LLC, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Fresenius SE & Co. KGaA, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Merck & Co. Inc., Novartis AG, Sanofi S.A., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. and Viatris Inc.

Key Questions Answered in This Report:
How has the global herpes simplex virus treatment market performed so far and how will it perform in the coming years?
What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global herpes simplex virus treatment market?
What are the key regional markets?
What is the breakup of the market based on the type?
What is the breakup of the market based on the drug type?
What is the breakup of the market based on the route of administration?
What is the breakup of the market based on the distribution channel?
What are the various stages in the value chain of the industry?
What are the key driving factors and challenges in the industry?
What is the structure of the global herpes simplex virus treatment market and who are the key players?
What is the degree of competition in the industry?



ページTOPに戻る


Table of Contents

1 Preface
2 Scope and Methodology
2.1 Objectives of the Study
2.2 Stakeholders
2.3 Data Sources
2.3.1 Primary Sources
2.3.2 Secondary Sources
2.4 Market Estimation
2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
2.5 Forecasting Methodology
3 Executive Summary
4 Introduction
4.1 Overview
4.2 Key Industry Trends
5 Global Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market
5.1 Market Overview
5.2 Market Performance
5.3 Impact of COVID-19
5.4 Market Forecast
6 Market Breakup by Type
6.1 Herpes Simples Virus-1 Infection
6.1.1 Market Trends
6.1.2 Market Forecast
6.2 Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection
6.2.1 Market Trends
6.2.2 Market Forecast
6.3 Others
6.3.1 Market Trends
6.3.2 Market Forecast
7 Market Breakup by Drug Type
7.1 Acyclovir
7.1.1 Market Trends
7.1.2 Market Forecast
7.2 Valacyclovir
7.2.1 Market Trends
7.2.2 Market Forecast
7.3 Famciclovir
7.3.1 Market Trends
7.3.2 Market Forecast
7.4 Others
7.4.1 Market Trends
7.4.2 Market Forecast
8 Market Breakup by Route of Administration
8.1 Oral
8.1.1 Market Trends
8.1.2 Market Forecast
8.2 Injectable
8.2.1 Market Trends
8.2.2 Market Forecast
8.3 Topical
8.3.1 Market Trends
8.3.2 Market Forecast
9 Market Breakup by Distribution Channel
9.1 Hospital Pharmacy
9.1.1 Market Trends
9.1.2 Market Forecast
9.2 Drug Stores
9.2.1 Market Trends
9.2.2 Market Forecast
9.3 Retail Stores
9.3.1 Market Trends
9.3.2 Market Forecast
9.4 Online Pharmacy
9.4.1 Market Trends
9.4.2 Market Forecast
10 Market Breakup by Region
10.1 North America
10.1.1 United States
10.1.1.1 Market Trends
10.1.1.2 Market Forecast
10.1.2 Canada
10.1.2.1 Market Trends
10.1.2.2 Market Forecast
10.2 Asia-Pacific
10.2.1 China
10.2.1.1 Market Trends
10.2.1.2 Market Forecast
10.2.2 Japan
10.2.2.1 Market Trends
10.2.2.2 Market Forecast
10.2.3 India
10.2.3.1 Market Trends
10.2.3.2 Market Forecast
10.2.4 South Korea
10.2.4.1 Market Trends
10.2.4.2 Market Forecast
10.2.5 Australia
10.2.5.1 Market Trends
10.2.5.2 Market Forecast
10.2.6 Indonesia
10.2.6.1 Market Trends
10.2.6.2 Market Forecast
10.2.7 Others
10.2.7.1 Market Trends
10.2.7.2 Market Forecast
10.3 Europe
10.3.1 Germany
10.3.1.1 Market Trends
10.3.1.2 Market Forecast
10.3.2 France
10.3.2.1 Market Trends
10.3.2.2 Market Forecast
10.3.3 United Kingdom
10.3.3.1 Market Trends
10.3.3.2 Market Forecast
10.3.4 Italy
10.3.4.1 Market Trends
10.3.4.2 Market Forecast
10.3.5 Spain
10.3.5.1 Market Trends
10.3.5.2 Market Forecast
10.3.6 Russia
10.3.6.1 Market Trends
10.3.6.2 Market Forecast
10.3.7 Others
10.3.7.1 Market Trends
10.3.7.2 Market Forecast
10.4 Latin America
10.4.1 Brazil
10.4.1.1 Market Trends
10.4.1.2 Market Forecast
10.4.2 Mexico
10.4.2.1 Market Trends
10.4.2.2 Market Forecast
10.4.3 Others
10.4.3.1 Market Trends
10.4.3.2 Market Forecast
10.5 Middle East and Africa
10.5.1 Market Trends
10.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
10.5.3 Market Forecast
11 SWOT Analysis
11.1 Overview
11.2 Strengths
11.3 Weaknesses
11.4 Opportunities
11.5 Threats
12 Value Chain Analysis
13 Porters Five Forces Analysis
13.1 Overview
13.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
13.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
13.4 Degree of Competition
13.5 Threat of New Entrants
13.6 Threat of Substitutes
14 Price Analysis
15 Competitive Landscape
15.1 Market Structure
15.2 Key Players
15.3 Profiles of Key Players
15.3.1 Agenus Inc.
15.3.1.1 Company Overview
15.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.1.3 Financials
15.3.1.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.2 Apotex Inc.
15.3.2.1 Company Overview
15.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.2.3 SWOT Analysis
15.3.3 Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc.
15.3.3.1 Company Overview
15.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.4 Carlsbad Tech
15.3.4.1 Company Overview
15.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.5 EPI Health LLC
15.3.5.1 Company Overview
15.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.6 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd
15.3.6.1 Company Overview
15.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.6.3 Financials
15.3.7 Fresenius SE & Co. KGaA
15.3.7.1 Company Overview
15.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.7.3 Financials
15.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.8 GlaxoSmithKline plc
15.3.8.1 Company Overview
15.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.8.3 Financials
15.3.8.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.9 Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited
15.3.9.1 Company Overview
15.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.9.3 Financials
15.3.9.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.10 Merck & Co. Inc.
15.3.10.1 Company Overview
15.3.10.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.10.3 Financials
15.3.10.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.11 Novartis AG
15.3.11.1 Company Overview
15.3.11.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.11.3 Financials
15.3.11.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.12 Sanofi S.A.
15.3.12.1 Company Overview
15.3.12.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.12.3 Financials
15.3.12.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.13 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
15.3.13.1 Company Overview
15.3.13.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.13.3 Financials
15.3.13.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.14 Viatris Inc.
15.3.14.1 Company Overview
15.3.14.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.14.3 Financials

List of Figures

Figure 1: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
Figure 2: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2017-2022
Figure 3: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2023-2028
Figure 4: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Type (in %), 2022
Figure 5: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Drug Type (in %), 2022
Figure 6: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Route of Administration (in %), 2022
Figure 7: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Distribution Channel (in %), 2022
Figure 8: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2022
Figure 9: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simples Virus-1 Infection) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 10: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simples Virus-1 Infection) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 11: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 12: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 13: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Types) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 14: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Types) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 15: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Acyclovir) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 16: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Acyclovir) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 17: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Valacyclovir) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 18: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Valacyclovir) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 19: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Famciclovir) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 20: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Famciclovir) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 21: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Drug Types) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 22: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Other Drug Types) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 23: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Oral) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 24: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Oral) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 25: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Injectable) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 26: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Injectable) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 27: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Topical) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 28: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Topical) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 29: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Hospital Pharmacy) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 30: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Hospital Pharmacy) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 31: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Drug Stores) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 32: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Drug Stores) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 33: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Retail Stores) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 34: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Retail Stores) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 35: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Online Pharmacy) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 36: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment (Online Pharmacy) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 37: North America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 38: North America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 39: United States: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 40: United States: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 41: Canada: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 42: Canada: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 43: Asia-Pacific: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 44: Asia-Pacific: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 45: China: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 46: China: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 47: Japan: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 48: Japan: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 49: India: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 50: India: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 51: South Korea: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 52: South Korea: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 53: Australia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 54: Australia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 55: Indonesia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 56: Indonesia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 57: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 58: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 59: Europe: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 60: Europe: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 61: Germany: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 62: Germany: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 63: France: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 64: France: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 65: United Kingdom: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 66: United Kingdom: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 67: Italy: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 68: Italy: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 69: Spain: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 70: Spain: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 71: Russia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 72: Russia: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 73: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 74: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 75: Latin America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 76: Latin America: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 77: Brazil: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 78: Brazil: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 79: Mexico: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 80: Mexico: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 81: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 82: Others: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 83: Middle East and Africa: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 84: Middle East and Africa: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2022
Figure 85: Middle East and Africa: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 86: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Industry: SWOT Analysis
Figure 87: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Industry: Value Chain Analysis
Figure 88: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

Table 1: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2022 and 2028
Table 2: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 3: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Drug Type (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 4: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Route of Administration (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 5: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Distribution Channel (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 6: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Table 7: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Competitive Structure
Table 8: Global: Herpes Simplex Virus Treatment Market: Key Players

　

ページTOPに戻る

ご注文は、お電話またはWEBから承ります。お見積もりの作成もお気軽にご相談ください。

webからのご注文・お問合せはこちらのフォームから承ります

本レポートと同分野（医療）の最新刊レポート

IMARC Services Private Limited.社の医療分野での最新刊レポート

本レポートと同じKEY WORD（herpes）の最新刊レポート

  • 本レポートと同じKEY WORDの最新刊レポートはありません。

よくあるご質問


IMARC Services Private Limited.社はどのような調査会社ですか?


インドに調査拠点を持つ調査会社。幅広い分野をカバーしていますがケミカルに特に焦点を当てています。 もっと見る


調査レポートの納品までの日数はどの程度ですか?


在庫のあるものは速納となりますが、平均的には 3-４日と見て下さい。
但し、一部の調査レポートでは、発注を受けた段階で内容更新をして納品をする場合もあります。
発注をする前のお問合せをお願いします。


注文の手続きはどのようになっていますか?


1)お客様からの御問い合わせをいただきます。
2)見積書やサンプルの提示をいたします。
3)お客様指定、もしくは弊社の発注書をメール添付にて発送してください。
4)データリソース社からレポート発行元の調査会社へ納品手配します。
5) 調査会社からお客様へ納品されます。最近は、pdfにてのメール納品が大半です。


お支払方法の方法はどのようになっていますか?


納品と同時にデータリソース社よりお客様へ請求書（必要に応じて納品書も）を発送いたします。
お客様よりデータリソース社へ（通常は円払い）の御振り込みをお願いします。
請求書は、納品日の日付で発行しますので、翌月最終営業日までの当社指定口座への振込みをお願いします。振込み手数料は御社負担にてお願いします。
お客様の御支払い条件が60日以上の場合は御相談ください。
尚、初めてのお取引先や個人の場合、前払いをお願いすることもあります。ご了承のほど、お願いします。


データリソース社はどのような会社ですか?


当社は、世界各国の主要調査会社・レポート出版社と提携し、世界各国の市場調査レポートや技術動向レポートなどを日本国内の企業・公官庁及び教育研究機関に提供しております。
世界各国の「市場・技術・法規制などの」実情を調査・収集される時には、データリソース社にご相談ください。
お客様の御要望にあったデータや情報を抽出する為のレポート紹介や調査のアドバイスも致します。



詳細検索

このレポートへのお問合せ

お問合せはこちらから

03-3582-2531

電話お問合せもお気軽に

 

2024/11/22　10:26

155.52 円

163.34 円

198.56 円

ページTOPに戻る

株式会社 データリソース　Data Resources, Inc.
東京都港区赤坂1-14-5　アークヒルズエグゼクティブタワー N313

電話：03-3582-2531
FAX：03-3582-2861
Eメール：office@dri.co.jp

FAQ サイトマップ プライバシーポリシー お問合せ

関連会社:
株式会社ユーディーアール

COPYRIGHT(C) 2011-2023　DATA RESOURCES, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.